NATURE 



[October 13, 19 10 



resignation of Mr. Welliscli. Candidates are requested tn 

 send in their applications to Sir J. J. Thomson (the 

 Cavendish Laboratory) on or before November 5. 



At Trinity College the following have been elected into 

 fellowships :—G. N. Watson, G. I. Taylor, H. T. J. 

 Norton, and A. V. Hill. 



Oxford. — Dr. Arthur Vaughan, well known for his re- 

 searches on the Carboniferous limestone, has been 

 appointed lecturer in geology. 



Mr. A. E. Richey has been appointed demonstrator in 

 geology. Mr. Richey succeeds Mr. J. A. Douglas, who 

 Is now engaged on a geological expedition in Peru. The 

 expedition has been sent out by Mr. W. E. Balston to 

 take advantage, for geological research, of the excavations 

 now in progress in the construction of new railways. Mr. 

 Douglas is accompanied by Mr. Thomas, Rhodes scholar, 

 who goes as a volunteer, and the general management of 

 the expedition is undertaken by Prof. Sollas. 



Prof. F. M. Sandwith, Gresham professor of physic, 

 will deliver four Gresham lectures on ancient and modern 

 surgery on October 25 to 28. The lectures are free 

 to the public, and will be delivered at the City of London 

 School at 6 p.m. each evening. 



The China Emergency Appeal Committee asks for 

 loo.oooZ. to be used as follows : — (i) 40,000/. for the 

 establishment of union medical colleges ; (2) 40,000/. for 

 the establishment of educational schools of training ; 

 (3) 20,000!. in aid of literature societies and general trans- 

 lation work. A sum of nearly 14,000/. had been received 

 or promised up to the end of August ; and the following 

 grants have already been made : — Union Medical College, 

 Peking, 2000/. ; Union Medical College, Hankow, 1000/. ; 

 Union Medical College, Moukden, 500/. ; Union Normal 

 Training College, Shantung University, 1500/. ; Anglo- 

 Chinese College, Tientsin, 1000/. ; Christian Literature 

 Society for China, 1700/.; China Medical Missionary 

 Association for the Translation of Medical Literature, 300/. 

 Donations towards the 100,000/. required for the China 

 Emergency Fund may be sent to Mr. Robt. L. Barclay, 

 honorary treasurer (Messrs. Barclay and Co.), 54 Lombard 

 Street, London, E.C. ; or to the Rev. Edward T. Reed, 

 secretary, China Emergency .'\ppeal Committee, 28 Victoria 

 Street, Westminster, S.W. The committee has arranged 

 for a meeting to be held in the Guildhall on October 18, 

 when addresses will be given on the opportunity of the 

 educational movement in China by Dr. S. L. Hart, and 

 on medical education in China by Mr. D. Main. .^n 

 address will also be given by Sir Robert Laidlaw. 



The inaugural address at the opening of the winter 

 session of the Birkbeck College was this year delivered 

 by Prof. M. E. Sadler. After sketching the development 

 of English education during last century, and showing 

 how much was accomplished by men like Birkbeck, Prof. 

 Sadler went on to say that both in science and in art the 

 passion of modern study has been to see and to represent 

 things as they really are. This at bottom is the basis of 

 scientific thought, and the purpose of the painter's and 

 draughtsman's expression. To keep one's mind clear as 

 a mirror is the intellectual and also the moral condition 

 of real advance both in science and in art. It is 

 impossible, however, to see things as they really are with- 

 out a long preliminary discipline, in which one learns to 

 see and how to express. Therefore one side of the modern 

 educational movement is to prolong for all students the 

 period of preliminary preparation and discipline, which, 

 having been accomplished, the student may go to that 

 freer, more self-active task which is before those who 

 have received thorough training and preparation. It is in 

 giving that thorough training and preparation that we in 

 England, compared with other leading modern nations, 

 have been until lately grievously in arrear. It is because 

 our system of intermediate or secondary education is 

 meagre, starved, sectional, that the immense efforts 

 bestowed on technical and adult education by such men 

 as Dr. Birkbeck failed for so long to produce the harvest 

 which they confidently expected. The work of strengthen- 

 ing this period of disciplinary preparation for advanced 

 studies — strengthening our whole system of secondary 

 education — is one of the greatest tasks which are before 

 us now as British citizens. 



NO. 2137, VOL. 84] 



SOCIETIES AND ACADEMIES. 



P.\RIS. 



Academy of Sciences, October 3.— M. limile Picard in 



the chair. — The president gave an account of the life- 

 work of the late M. Maurice L<5vy. — Emile Picard ; .\ 

 singular functional equation of the Fredholm type of 

 equation. — Charles Uederer : The organic compounds of 

 tetravalent tellurium. By the interaction of tellurium 

 tetrachloride and magnesium phenyl bromide in ethereal 

 solution there is obtained chlorobenzene, diphenyl, the com- 

 pound Te(C5H,), already described by Kraft and Lyons, 

 and a new derivative, triphenyl-telluronium chloride, the 

 iodide of which, (CjHjjjTel, was prepared by adding 

 potassium iodide. The bromide (C5Hj)„TeBr, is also 

 formed in the reaction. — L. Gay : The osmotic equilibrium 

 of two liquid phases. — .\. and L. Lumiere and M. 

 Seyewetz : The action of quinones and their sulphonic 

 derivatives on the photographic images formed by silver 

 salts. Aqueous solutions of benzoquinone in presence of 

 sulphuric acid are useful in reducing over-exposed 

 negatives ; the replacement of the sulphuric acid by 

 potassium bromide gives a new intensifying solution. The 

 suitable proportions are given in both cases. — Charles 

 Janet : The sensitive organs of the mandible of the bee. 

 — Paul Godin : Normal asymmetry of the binary organs 

 in man. 



DIARY OF SOCIETIES. 



WEDNESDAY, October 19. 



RovAL Microscopical Society, at 8.— Hicksonella, a New Gorgonellid 

 Genus : Jas. J. Simpson. -(i) On the Resolution of New Detail in a 

 Coschu'i/iscus astcrciinphalus \ (2) A Micrometric Difficulty: E. M. 

 Nelson. 



Entomological Society, at 8. 



CONTENTS, PAG* 



The History of Physics 457 



Psychiatry and Psychotherapy 458 



Commercial Geography 4S9 



Restorations of Extinct Animals. By R. L. ... 459 



Hints for the Garden 460 



Our Book Shelf 460 



Letters to the Editor: — 



Early Burial Customs in Egypt.— Prof. G. Elliot 



Smith, F.R.S 461 



British Marine Zoology.— Prof. W. A. Herdman, 



F.R.S. ; Prof. E. W. MacBride, F.R.S. . . 462 

 Hormones in Relation to Inheritance. — Prof. Gilbert 



C. Bourne, F.R.S 462 



Pwdre Ser.— Prof. T. McKenny Hughes, F.R.S. 462 



Unemployed Laboratory Assistants. — G. E. Reiss . 462 

 The International Union for Cooperation in Solar 



Research. By Prof. Arthur Schuster, F.R.S. . . 462 

 Popular Books on Biological Subjects. (Ilhistraleil.) 464 

 The Geology and Archseology of Orangia. (^Illus- 

 trated.) By J. W. G 465 



Sport on the Moors and Broads. (///«j/rate/.) ByR. L. 466 



Dr. John Peile 467 



Notes 467 



Our Astronomical Column: — 



Announcement of a Nova 472 



Time of the Solar Transit of Halley's Comet .... 472 



Observations of Comet i9io<z 472 



Arabian Astronomical Instruments 472 



New Ephemerides for Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune . 472 



Irregularities in the Motion of Algol's Satellite . . . 472 



The Cambridge Observatory 47^ 



Observations of Neptune's Satellite 472 



Some Recent Studies on Fossil Plants. {Illus- 

 trated.) By E. A. N. A 473 



Forthcoming Books of Science 475 



The International Congress on Radiology and 



Electricity. By W. M 478 



The Opening of the Medical Session 479 



The Berlin University Centenary 480 



The British Association at Sheffield. 



Section L. — Educational Science — Opening Address 

 by Principal H. A. Miers, M.A., D.Sc, 



F.R.S, President of the Section 4S0 



University and Educational Intelligence 487 



Societies and Academies 48^ 



Diary of Societies 488 



