78 HELICIDA. 
2. P. nincEns (grinning). 
Ovate, rather solid, glossy, dark horn-colour; whorls six 
and a half; mouth horseshoe-shaped, furnished with seven 
or eight tooth-like processes which, as well as the reflected 
lip, are often of a reddish tinge; umbilicus small, but dis- 
tinct. 
The name ringens, which signifies “ grinning like a 
dog,” z.e. “showing its teeth,” was of course suggested 
by the appearance of the mouth, the denticular pro- 
cesses of which are a safe mark of distinction from the | 
two following species. 
It lives among moss and dead leaves in moist situa- 
tions in Scotland, the north of England, and Ireland 
generally. 
Young specimens are furnished with internal septa, 
which are visible from the outside, and are carinated. 
Var. pallida. Whitish. 
3. P. umpiticata (having an umbilicus). 
Sub-cylindrical, rather solid, glossy, semi-transparent, 
pale horn-colour; whorls six to seven; mouth horseshoe- 
shaped, with a broad strong white lip; on the base of the 
penultimate whorl there is sometimes a denticle ; wmbilicus 
small. 
This is a very abundant and common species 
throughout the British Isles on stone walls and among 
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