VERTIGO. 83 
4. V. pramma (minute). 
Oval, somewhat cylindrical, semi-transparent, glossy, 
horn-colour; whorls four and a half, convex; spire blunt ; 
mouth semi-oval; teeth four to five (one on the body, one 
on the columella, two or three inside the outer lip) ; wim- 
bilicus small, but deep. 
This minute species is found in most parts of Great 
Britain and Ireland at the roots of grass, and under 
stones and logs in dry as well as moist situations. 
It differs from the last two species in being much 
smaller and more cylindrical in form. The outer lip, 
moreover, is not constricted or angulated. 
Var. pallida. Lighter and narrower. 
5. V. ALPESTRIS (inhabiting elevated situations). 
Sub-cylindrical, semi-transparent, glossy, light horn- 
colour, strongly striate in the line of growth; whorls four 
and a half, convex; spire short, blunt; suture excessively 
deep ; mouth semi-oval and sub-angular; teeth four, visible 
from the outside from the thinness of the shell (one on the 
body, one on the columella, two within the outer lip); wm- 
bilicus small, but deep. 
This shell differs from the last species in being more 
cylindrical, paler, and nearly transparent, more strongly 
striated, and it has no strengthening rib on the outer 
margin. 
I may mention that I was the first to notice this 
