15G MR. A. SANDERS ON LIOLEPIS BELLI. [Feb. 6°, 



attached to the distal extremity of the cerato-hyal and to the adja- 

 cent portion of the membrane of the throat, and then continues its 

 course forward to be inserted into the side of the lower jaw, just in 

 front of the insertion of the ectopterygoid and behind that of the 

 platysma myoides. Cuvier called it " ceratoi'dien lateral externe." 



Omo-hyoid (figs. ] & 3) arises by two heads : — one from the an- 

 terior border of the clavicle, close to its articulation with the supra- 

 scapula ; the other from the anterior border of the latter, immediately 

 dorsad of the former. It passes downwards and forwards, and is in- 

 serted into the posterior edge of the basihyal, and two-thirds of the 

 length of the thyro-hyal ; its inner edge at the anterior part is also 

 continuous with itsfellowon the opposite side: at its origin it is covered 

 by the sterno-mastoid, but it becomes superficial at its insertion. 



The group of muscles consisting of the sterno-mastoids and hyoids 

 on the ventral aspect of the throat are posteriorly soldered together 

 by their lateral borders, altogether forming a sort of free edge of 

 a crescentic shape, overlapping the real origins from the bones, 

 stretching from side to side across the anterior part of the thorax, 

 and being continuous with the fatty connective tissue mentioned 

 above. 



Sterno-hyoideus (fig. 1) arises from the anterior border of the iu- 

 terclavicle and superficial fascia, and is inserted into the posterior 

 border of the basihyal and a small portion of the corresponding 

 border of the thyro-hyal, dorsad of the omo-hyoid. 



Sterno-hyoideus profundus (fig. 1), deeper than the last, is at- 

 tached by its outer edge, at its origin, to the anterior border of the 

 interclavicles, while its inner edge is continuous with the superficial 

 fascia and with its fellow of the opposite side ; its fibres pass for- 

 wards and outwards, and are inserted into the posterior border of 

 the thyro-hyal, occupying about its middle third; its shape differs 

 from the last, which is thick and narrow, in being broad and 

 thin. Cuvier* called this muscle " sterno-ceratoi'dien ;" in fact he 

 distinguished all the muscles attached to the posterior cornu by the 

 epithet " ceratoi'dien " to distinguish them from those attached to 

 the basihyal ; but the posterior cornu, according to Owen, is the 

 thyro-hyal, and not cerato-hyal. 



Sterno-mastoid (figs. 1, 2, & 3) is attached by its inner border to 

 the interclavicle, in conjunction with the sterno-hyoid, while its outer 

 border is continuous with the superficial fascia occupying the outer 

 edge of the crescent, forming, as it were, the horns ; its fibres pass 

 forward and towards the dorsal surface, and are inserted into the 

 posterior border of the parietal bone for nearly half its length, com- 

 mencing at the point of articulation of the three bones, parietal, 

 squamosal, and quadrate ; its insertion is covered by the origin of 

 the next muscle. It differs from the corresponding muscle of the 

 Gecko in having no connexion with the clavicle. 



Neuro-mandibularis (fig. 2 & 3) is a triangular muscle ; its base 

 arises fleshy from the border of the complexus ; its apex is inserted 

 into the extremity of the articular element of the mandible. This 



* Loc. cit. p. 531. 



