696 CAPT. T. HUTTON ON HIMALAYAN BATS. [June 4, 



2| in. ; tibia l| in.; tail 2 in.; body, from nose to insertion of 

 tail, 4 in. ; total length 6 in. ; ear lg in.; expanse of wings 17J 

 inches. The colour as in the male. 



Mr. Hodgson gives for a female : — " Snout to rump 3| in. ; tail 

 2g in.; total 5|- in.; expanse 17 in.; ears from anteal base 

 ]|-Jr in.; forearm 2§ in." If we suppose that these measure- 

 ments, as doubtless they were, were taken from a dried skin, we 

 shall find but little difference between them and those I have given 

 above. 



The dimensions of another male, taken in a cave at Mussooree in 

 August, were : — carpus 2| in. ; tibia l£ in.; nose to tail 4| in.; 

 tail Iff in. : length 6^- in. ; expanse 17§ in. ; ear 1| in. 



A female taken with it measured : — carpus 3 in. ; tibia li in. ; 

 nose to tail 4-j4 in. ; tail Iff in. ; length 6^ in. ; ear 1^ in. ; 

 longest finger 4| in. ; expanse 18i in. ; foot in the interfemoral to 

 the ankle, in the wing to base of toes ; 2 pectoral mammae, 2 pubic 

 false teats ; ear pointed, transversely ribbed with wrinkles ; ante- 

 helix rounded. The colours in all were the same. 



As regards the measurements of all Bats, it must be evident that 

 much will depend upon age, and that this is not sufficiently attended 

 to — besides, that there will almost always be a considerable difference 

 between a recent specimen and a dried skin. As to the facial mem- 

 branes, if the animal is preserved bodily in spirits of wine, which is 

 the method I pursue, they will remain expanded as in life ; but in a 

 dried skin they will shrink, shrivel, and curl up to a degree that 

 would render it next to impossible to determine what they may have 

 been like. 



4. Rhinolophus affinis. 



Rhinolophus affinis, Horsfield, Zool. Res. in Java, pi. 8. f. A, B ; 

 Temm. Monogr. ii. p. 35. 



This Bat is by no means an uncommon species at Mussooree, 

 in the north-west, at an elevation of about 5000 to 6000 feet. A 

 fine male captured at about 6000 feet had the carpus 2^ in. ; 

 tibia 1-jig- in. ; ear -}-f in. ; from nose to insertion of tail 3| in. ; 

 tail from vent 1A in. ; total length 4\^ in. ; expanse of wings 

 11 in.; longest finger 3 in.; interfemoral membrane somewhat 

 straight, as if truncated, owing to the shortness of the tail. 



Colour above dark brown with a tinge of chestnut ; underside 

 dusky brown with the same chestnut tinge, but somewhat fainter ; 

 fur long and dense, very soft, and on the underparts sparingly 

 tipped with hoary ; antihelix prominent, and divided from the outer 

 lobe of the ear by a deep notch ; somewhat ovato-quadrate in shape ; 

 ears subfalcate near the tips — which is indeed apparently more or less 

 characteristic of the genus : facial crests as usual, the lanceolate 

 summit somewhat broader and less acute than in other species ; 

 mouth large, face conspicuously broad and bluff, subquadrate and 

 heavy-looking ; aspect fierce ; membranes dusky black. 



Like the preceding, this species too is early on the wing, and 

 may be seen in the evening twilight coursing slowly round the trees in 



