778 DR. J. MURIE ON MACACUS CYCLOPIS. [Julie 18, 



Although not so strikingly obvious as is the shape of the pelvis, 

 yet the long bones of the fore and hind extremity have characters of 

 interest worth mentioning. 



The following points are clear, irrespective of relative dimensions : 

 — The posterior (vertebral) border of the scapula is more rounded 

 than in the Rhesus Monkey, in which latter the inferior angle is 

 produced. In the Formosan species the acromion process is also 

 flatter, and not so laterally compressed as in the other. 



As regards humerus, M. cyclopis has much stronger and promi- 

 nent external and internal bicipital ridges, and the latter incurved, 

 whereas it is straight in M. rhesus. In the former animal the deltoid 

 eminence and the plate of the external condyloid ridge are relatively 

 and absolutely great ; and their production gives an irregular curvi- 

 linear outline to the long axis of the shaft. Moreover there is in 

 the Chinese Monkey a very marked forward bend of the upper seg- 

 ment of the humeral shaft ; and in it the head of the bone has a 

 more backward set, with deflection of its lower border. 



The above remarks respecting prominence of ridges apply likewise 

 to the ulnar muscular lines ; and hence the shaft of this bone appears 

 less compressed sideways than it does in the Rhesus. There is cer- 

 tainly a greater anterior arching in the shaft of the radius in M. 

 cyclopis, more especially its lower moiety ; and this causes the inter- 

 osseous space to be sensibly wider. 



In the femur of Mr. Swinhoe's species the lower half of the shaft 

 has a very appreciable forward bend — the reverse of the humerus, 

 therefore, so far as its being at the distal and not proximal end. 

 Moreover the articular surface of the femoral portion of the knee- 

 joint is peculiar, inasmuch as it is thrown back somewhat, and the 

 condyles directed upwards behind, the contrary (or a forward incli- 

 nation of the articular face) being the character of the true Rhesus. 

 Other things being equal, I may add that the shaft of the femur, 

 especially its upper fourth, is a stouter pillar in the Chinese animal 

 than in that compared. 



A semi-twist or posterior bend on the shaft's long axis pertains 

 to the upper fourth of the tibia, its head in this way being coadapted 

 to meet the altered articular facies of the femur. It results, then, 

 that the knee has more angular definition and prominence, and an 

 inferior posterior obliquity of apposition, in the Formosan than in the 

 Indian Monkey. The patella abides by the change, its inner con- 

 cavity being much scooped, to fit the bones and cartilages it glides 

 upon. In the Rhesus the fibula is notably a straight bone ; in the 

 round-faced species there is greater sinuosity of the ridges, which 

 gives a curvilinear aspect, without great change of the bone's axis. 



I own that I feel puzzled to ascribe characters to the skull which 

 would trenchantly separate the Round-faced from the Rhesus Mon- 

 key. In the latter, as a series of specimens prove, the changes in 

 contour from the young to the adult stage are very surprising. In 

 fact recognition of the extremes is not easy, unless traced step by 

 step from one to the other. I have compared the skulls of our types 

 of the male and female Formosan with nearly every one of the rich 



