Fan. 13, 1870] NATURE 287 
and of notes in the scale is the most harmonious that | by C and G, or the harmonious interval of a fifth ; the 
can be found ; any disturbance of the order in either case | latter combination pea eae to C and F, or the slightly 
makes the succession less pleasant. Discord or harmony | less pleasant interval of a fourth. 
may be the result of the combination of certain notes, This apparent correlation of music and colour suggests 
SCALE OF ACTUAL WAVE LENCTHS OF. SPECTRUM IN IOOO00OTS OF A MILLIMETR: 
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‘COLOURS. RED. ORANGE YELLOW. GREEN: 2 BL 3 a; oe © ULTRA-= VIOLET 
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and so also with colours. A pleasant effect is produced | many other speculations, but at present I would only 
by the juxtaposition of red and blue, or of red and green: | venture to submit the foregoing considerations to the 
the former combination corresponds to the ratios given | opinion of physicists. W. F. BARRETT 
5 a ee =o pee Bie a cena their turn by the Turks. Professor Bradashka, on the other 
THE SLAVONIANS IN TURKEY hand, shows, as we think, conclusively, that the countries in 
A VERY careful and complete account of the result of | question were originally inhabited by Servians, and that 
the latest researches in the ethnology and geography | the Shkipetars w ho now occupy them are the descend- 
of the Turkish Slavonians is given in the new number of | ants of immigrants from Albania who settled there after 
Petermann’s Mittheilumgen by Professor Francis Bra- | the break-up ‘of the Servian Empire. A very interesting 
dashka, of Agram. The author is himself a member of | and important fact brought out by the Professor in con- 
that branch of the great Slavonic race to which the | nection with this subject. is, that the Shkipetars are gra- 
Turkish Slavonians belong, and evidently takes a strong | dually edging out the Slavonians from many districts 
political as well as scientific interest in their position ; | which were formerly occupied almost exclusively by the 
but his work is on the whole singularly free from political latter race. This is especially observable in the towns. 
bias, and may be safely referred to by those who desire | In Vuchitrn, Novo Brdo, and Dyakova, nearly all the 
to increase their know ledge of the subject. The facts of | inhabitants are now Shkipetars ; and in Matochia, the 
Turkish ethnology are scattered in a variety of books and | ancient residence of the Servian kings, there are more 
articles in periodicals, most of which are very difficult of | Shkipetars than Servians. Old Servia was almost entirely 
access, and the only place where they could hitherto be | Servian when Shafazyk wrote in 1849 ; it is now predomi- 
found in a condensed form is an appendix to’ the fourth | nantly Shkipetar. There are also now Shkipetar settle- 
number of the JM7ttheilungen by M. Lejean, published | ments, not mentioned by M. Lejean, at the mouth of the 
in 1861. M. Lejean’s paper, however, though full of | Maburitza, and on the eastern and western shores of the 
valuable information and accompanied by an excellent | lake of Scutari (Skodra). 
ethnological map, gives little more than a bird’s-eye view The acceptance of the Mahometan religion by many 
of the subject; and Professor Bradashka, besides cor- | of the Slavonians in Turkey has led to great confusion as 
recting some important errors in it, has added much | to the Turkish population of the country. Some un- 
statistical and geographical detail which throws a new | scrupulous partisans of the Ottoman rule have not hesi- 
light on some of the most interesting questions of Turkish | tated to state that there are six millions of Turks in 
ethnology. One of these is the origin and development | European Turkey—an absurd exaggeration which can 
of the Albanian (Shkipetar) settlements in Turkey. Herr | only impose on people who are totally ignorant of the 
von Hahn, one of the best known authorities on this sub- facts. Professor Bradashka agrees with the best authori- 
ject, holds that the Shkipetars were the original inhabi- | ties in estimating the Turkish population at under a 
tants of old Servia and the districts between Albania and | million, and points out a singular blunder made by M. 
the Vardar river; and that while these countries were | Lejean, in his otherwise very accurate map, as to the 
under the Servian rule, the Shkipetars were compelled by | Turkish inhabitants of Bulgaria. According to his map 
their conquerors to take refuge in the hills, whence they | the whole of Eastern Bulgaria, or about a third of the 
afterwards descended when the Servians were beaten in | whole province, is Turkish. This the Professor shows to 
