494 
NALORE 
[| March 10, 1870 
VIENNA 
Imperial Academy of Sciences, January 20. —The Ministry 
of Commerce called upon the Academy to appoint a member 
to arrange the reproduction of the French standard meter, 
and also forwarded a nautical instrument for the correction of the 
course of vessels, invented by Carl Zamara.—A note by Prof. 
G. Hinrichs of Iowa, on the structure of quartz, was communi- 
cated by Prof. von Haidinger.—Prof. E. Mach communicated 
the results of an investigation by M. C. Neumann upon the 
vibrations of a string under the bow. His results for the most 
part confirm Helmholtz’s theoretical views.—Dr. Boué presented 
a geographico-geognostic map of the valley of Sutchesa, and 
remarked upon its peculiarities. —Dr. A. Friedlowsky communi- 
cated a memoir on three cases of augmentation of the carpal 
and tarsal bones in man.—Prof. F. Simony gave a comparative 
account of the conditions of temperature in the Lakes of Hall- 
statt, Gmund, and Langbath, at different depths, and Dr. J. 
Hann presented a memoir on the decrease of temperature with 
elevation on the surface of the earth.—The table of the meteoro- 
logical and magnetic observations at the Central Observatory 
during the month of December last was also communicated. 
February 3.—Memoirs were read by Prof. Rochleder “ On 
some colouring matters from Madder,” and by M. A. von 
Miller-Hauenfels on ‘‘The dualistic functions,” and “On the 
electrical current which appears to stand in relation to endos- 
mose.” Dr. L. J, Fitzinger communicated the second and 
concluding portion of his ‘Critical revision of the family 
of the Rkinophyllt,” in which he treats of the genera Ariteus, 
Rhinolophus, Rhinonycteris and Aguias, — ‘‘ Investigation of 
the white mustard seed.” By Professor H. Will. In place 
of the myronate of potash found in black mustard seed there 
is in white mustard seed an analogous body sinalbin which 
splits up into sugar or sulphocyanogen compound and _ acid 
sulphate. The sulphocyanogen compound is not volatile, it 
contains an oxygenated radicle akrinyl C;H,O. The acid sul- 
phate contains in place of potassium sinapisin, The sulpho- 
cyanide of akrinyl freed from sulphur and treated with alkali 
when in the state of nitryl yields ammonia and a salt of the 
acid C,H,O,, which melts at 136° C, and is not identical with 
any known acid of the same formula. 
Geological Institution, February 15.—Herr von Hauer in 
the chair. Prof. von Ettingshausen communicated the results of 
his study of the fossil flora from the environs of Berlin, Bohemia. 
Nearly five hundred species have been determined from six beds of 
different age. The oldest of them—the freshwater-chalk of 
Kostenblatt and the strata of Kutschlin—correspond with the 
Aquitanian series ; the plastic clay of Priesen, as well as the clay 
and spherosiderit of Languageyd, belong to the middle part of the 
Miocene formation. The menilites and opales of the Sichrow 
valley, as well as the shists of Sobrusan, contain the plants of 
the Oemingen series. Herr Flanenschild pointed out that the 
existence of large layers of the so-called Alpine chalk (Alpen- 
kreide), the mud of glaciers, which eroded the dolomitic rocks, 
indicates the existence of old glaciers in the Alm- and Steierling 
valleys, Upper Austria. This mud consists, therefore, of car- 
bonate of lime and carbonate of magnesia, and, when burnt at a 
low temperature, gives a good hydraulic cement.—Herr. Ch. 
Paul exhibited detailed sections of the small mountain range near 
Homonna, North-eastern Hungary, consisting of different layers 
of the triassic, rhzetic, liassic, jurassic, and cretaceous formations. 
Of high interest is the discovery of marls with fossils of the 
Gault series, which are so very rare in the eastern Alps and Car- 
pathians.—Herr Stache exhibited geological maps of the environs 
of Unghvar and Mandak, North-eastern Hungary, which he had 
surveyed last summer. Trachytes with their tufts, and Carpa- 
thian sandstones of Eocenic age, are the prevailing formations. 
DIARY 
THURSDAY, Marcu to. 
Roya Society, at 8.30.—On some Elementary Principles in Animal 
Mechanics (No. IIL): Rey. S. Haughton.—On the Contact of Conics 
with Surfaces: W. ea ueeiecdce= On the Spotted Area of the Sun’s 
Visible Disc from the Commencement of 1832 up to May 1868: W. 
De la Rue, B. Stewart and B. Loewy.—Tables of the Numerical Values 
of the Sine-Integral, Cosine-Integral, and Exponential-Integral : J. W-. 
L, Glaisher. 5 
Society oF ANTIQUARIES, at 8.30.—Roman Inscription in the Disney Col- 
lection : Mr. H. C. Coote. 
ZooLoGicaL Society, at 8.30.—Dinormis (Part XV.): Professor Owen.— 
New species of Ampullaria: Dr. J. C. Cox.—Birds of Veragua: Mr. 
O. Salvin.—New birds from the Yantze-kiang:; Mr. R. Swinhoe. 
MATHEMATICAL SocIETY, at 8. 
Royat InstiTuTIon, at 3.—Chemistry : Prof. Odling. 
Lonpon INSTITUTION, at 7.30.—Swiney Lecture: Dr. Cobbo!d. 
FRIDAY, Marcu 1. 
Roya Institution, at 8.—On Art: Mr, Westmacott. 
QueketTT Microscopicat Cus, at 8. 
ASTRONOMICAL SoOcIETY, at 8. 
SATURDAY, Marcu 12. 
Roya INnsTITUTION, at 3.—Science of Religion: Prof. Max Miiller. 
Roya Boranic Society, at 3.30. 
MONDAY, Marcu 14. 
Mepicav Socrety, at 8.—Anniversary. 
Sociery oF Arts, at 8.—Cantor Lecture: Dr. Paul. 
TUESDAY, Marcu 15. 
Roya InstTituTion, at 3.—Nervous System: Dr. Rolleston. 
ANTHROPOLOGICAL SociETy, at 8.—On Strange Peculiarities observed by a 
Religious Sect of Moscovites, called Scoptsis : Dr. Kopernicky and Dr. 
Barnard Davis.—Phallic Worship: Mr. Hodder Westropp.—Consan- 
guineous Marriages ; Mr. George C. Thompson. 
STaTisTicaL Society, at 8.—The Financial System of the Free Church o¢ 
Scotland: Rev. D. Buchanan. 
PATHOLOGICAL Society, at 8. 
InsTITUTION OF CrviL ENGINEERS, at 8.—1. Discussion upon Mr. Fox’s 
paper ‘‘ On the San Paulo Railway ;” 2. and if time permits, the follow- 
ing paper will be read, ‘‘On the Conditions and the Limits which 
govern the Proportions of Rotary Fans:” Mr. Robert Briggs, 
WEDNESDAY, Marcu 16. 
Society oF Arts, at 8 —Surface Decoration: Mr, Pitman. 
Roya HorricuLTuRAL SOCIETY, at 1.39 
METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY, at 7. 
THURSDAY, Marcu 17. 
Roya InstiTuTiON, at 3.—Chemistry: Prof. Odling. 
Roya Society, at 8.30. 
Linnean Society, at 8.—The Flora and Fauna of Round Island: Sir 
Henry Barkly.—Algz found in the North Atlantic Ocean: Dr. Dickie. 
CHEMICAL Society, at 8. ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY, at 4. 
Numismatic Society, at 7. ANTIQUARIES’ SOCIETY, at 8°30. 
BOOKS RECEIVED 
Enoutsu —The Bottom of the Sea: B. Z. Sonrel; illustrated. Translated 
and edited by Elihu Rich (Sampson Low and Marston).—Weapons of War: 
A history of arms and armour from the earliest periods to the present time: 
A. Demmin; illustrated. Translated by C. C. Black (Bell and Daldy).— 
Sketches of Life and Sport in South Eastern Africa : C. Hamilton; illustrated 
(Chapman and Hall).—The North British Review (Williams and Norgate). 
—A Search for Winter Sunbeams in the Riviera, Corsica, Algiers, and Spain: 
S. S. Cox (Sampson Low and Marston).—The Natural History of Man: 
Rev. J. G. Woods; illustrated (Routledge and Sons).—Our Iron-clad Ships: E. 
J. Reed (Murray) —Physical Geography: D. T. Ansted—The Earth's 
History; or, First Lessons in Geology: D. T. Ansted.—The World we live 
in; or, First Lessons in Physical Geography: D. T. Ansted (W. H. Allen 
and Co.)—The Science and Art of Arithmetic: Sonnenschein and Nesbitt 
(Whittaker and Co). —Treatise of Medical Electricity : J. Althaus. 
ForeiGn. — Nachrichten der K. Gesellsch. der Wissenchaften, 1869. 
Petermann’s Mittheilungen—Manuel des Humeurs: F. Papillon.—Die Para- 
siten der weiblichen Geschlechtsorgane des Menschen und Einiger Vhiere 
nebst Beitrage: Dr. D. Haussmann.—Archiv fiir die Landes durchforschung- 
Béhmen.— Neue Untersuchungen iiber den elektrisirten Sauerstoff: Dr. G. 
Meissner. — Lehrbuch zur Bahnbestimmung der Kometen und Planeten; 
T. Oppolzer.—Beitrage zur Petrographie der plutonischen Gesteine: J. 
Roth.—Handbuch der Physiologisch-und Pathologisch-chemischen Analyse : 
F. Hoppe-Seyler.—Chemismus der Pflanzenzelle : Dr. H. Karsten. (Through 
Williams and Norgate.) 
CONTENTS Pace 
Science EpucaTion 1n Germany. II, THE Potytecunic SCHOOLS. 
By Prof. H. E. Roscor, F'R S. iwc wred dal Rial ieee CoB Pea Gi 
Von ScHLICHT ON ForaMiNiIFERA. By H. B. Brapy, F.L.S. . . . 477 
ENCKE THE ASTRONOMER. By R. A. Proctor, F,R.A.S.. . ers) 
Our Book SHELF . CP Ga ec Mre er Gh duced oo ie 
Letrrers TO THE EpIToR:— 
Prismatic Structure in Ice.—Rey. T. G. Bonney ... . . « 488 
A Probable Cause of Malaria.—J. GAGLIARDI. . . . + « « . 485 
rt Co of a Free Rotating Body —Prof. J. J. SytvesTer, 
“ Engrais Complet.”—ONLy A CLop Hy eaaeaee a {82 
The Preservation of Mollusca—J. R. Crorcu . . . . . . « 482 
Frankland and Duppa on the Action of Sodium on Acetic Ether.— 
Ji PALERED WANKING eee) oc) leniciete) rat tara 
Sir W. Thomson and Geological Time.—G. H. .... . . 482 
Little Gull.—Joun CorDEAux . Phe lac ao FOr ere ee! 
Tue Microscopic FAUNA OF THE ENGLISH Fen Districr. (W2th 
Illustrations) By G. S. Brapy laoreet kc te oo 7! 
Tue New Natura ScreNcE ScHooLs AT RuGsy. (Wth Illustra- 
tions.) By Rev.T. N. HurcuHinson . coe oe cele 2h. 
82 
83 
NOTES! edie) oS. No SPR) LS reece key Qcntaes oper Sale aan 
ON THE TEMPERATURE AND ANIMAL LIFE OF THE Deep-Sea. By 
Dr. W. B. CarPENTER,F.R.S. . . « . 489 
SoclETIES AND ACADEMIES :— 
Lonpon—Royal Society ; Geological ; Zoological; Chemical ; Lin- 
nean: Royal Archeological Institute; Anthropological; Royal 
Geographical; Royal Institution of Great Britain. . . . 490—492 
CAMBRIDGE—Philosophical “3 <) = 5) 5 a ee 40s 
Dusiin—Royal Irish Academy . . . + 493 
Paris—Academy of Sciences . Chor AS ket ten te it AGS 
Bertin—German Chemical; German Geological . dp fh) eaters 
Vienna—Imperial Academy of Sciences: Geological Institution . 494 
Drary, Books RECEIVED . = . . 6°. « « « > oS - 494 
