1862,] ~ DR. A. GUNTHER ON THE BRITISH CHARRS, §1 
dorsal rays, its length being two-thirds of that of the pectoral, or of 
the distance between the root of its outer ray and the vent. 
The scales are very thin and small, deeply imbedded in the skin; 
one taken from between the dorsal and the lateral line is ovate, two- 
thirds as high as long. The perforated scales of the lateral line do 
not correspond to the transverse series. Scales on the back minute. 
The back is dark sea-green, which colour becomes lighter on the 
sides, assuming a yellowish shade and gradually passing into the 
bright red of the lower parts; sides with numerous reddish orange- 
coloured dots. Pectoral greenish, passing into reddish posteriorly, 
the upper margin being white; ventral and anal red, with white 
anterior margins; dorsal and caudal blackish, with broad lighter 
margins. Cheeks and suboperculum with numerous black dots. 
Vertebree : sixty-one. 
Young specimens, from 5 to 6 inches long, scarcely differ from 
the adult specimens described. They are from Mr. Yarrell’s col- 
lection, who obtained them from a lake near Barmouth in Merioneth- 
shire, called Coss-y-gedawl. In consequence of the young age the 
eye is much larger, longer than the snout, two-sevenths of the length 
of the head, the maxillary not extending to the posterior margifi of 
the orbit. The pectorals are comparatively a little shorter, the ven- 
trals a little longer, than in the adult. Dorsal fin with fourteen rays 
—that is, two rays more than in the Charr. The dark colour of the 
back emits eight cross-bars on the sides, and the red dots are larger 
and less in number—differences such as are usually observed between 
old and young Salmonide. The specific characters (the flat head, 
elongate body, rounded fins, peculiar nostrils, increased number of 
dorsal rays, &c.) are very conspicuous. Yarrell has given a figure 
of one of the specimens, in which the head is incorrect in nearly 
every respect. 
The typical specimens were caught on the 26th and 29th of No- 
vember; the time of spawning appeared to have been then begin- 
ning. 
Satmo Grav (PI. VIL.). 
_ (The Freshwater Herring of Lough Melvin.) 
Body compressed, slightly elevated, its greatest depth being one- 
fourth of the distance of the snout from the end of the middle caudal 
rays; the length of the head is scarcely more than one-half of the 
distance of the snout and of the vertical from the origin of the dorsal. 
Head compressed ; interorbital space convex, its width being less 
than twice the diameter of the eye. Jaws of the male of equal 
length anteriorly; teeth very small, four in each intermaxillary, 
sixteen in the maxillary. Length of the pectoral equal to, or rather 
more than, that of the head, terminating at no great distance from 
the ventral. Dorsal rays thirteen or fourteen. 125 transverse series 
of scales above the lateral line. Sides with scattered light orange- 
coloured dots ; belly uniform silvery whitish, or with a light-reddish 
shade; fins blackish. 
