1862.]  M.0. A. L. MORCH’S REVIEW OF THE VERMETID&, 57 
2. BIvonIA SEMISURRECTA, Bivona, 1832. 
I’. solitaria, cylindrica, apice contorto, rugosa, adnata, antice 
longe porrecta, varicosa, sepe striis longitudinalibus subgra- 
nosis asperula. 
T. minus vitrea, tenuior, facilius quam relique cum Serpule testa 
confundi potest, presertim cium sculptura plerumque, obsoleta, 
aut propter crustam calcaream non conspicua sit. 
Diam. tubi variata 2-4!’ 
Plerumque apex tantum adnatus ; et pars antica, sepe usque ad 
4" longa, libera est, sepe levissima. Varices maniceformes 
hee species frequentius ostendit quam relique ; colorem semper 
album vidi (Phil.). 
Animal operculo fere completo, tentaculis omnibus retractilibus, 
superioribus cylindricis, inferioribus longioribus subulatis ; 
caput et pedem fulva punctis ceruleo-fuscis marmorata, collare 
Sulvim ceruleo-fusco articulatum ostendit, semel ego anteriorem 
animalis partem pulchre cinnabarinam punctis albis adspersam, 
et punctis nigris circa operculum ornatam, collare autem cin- 
nabarinum nigro articulatum vidi. Tentacula inferiora subver- 
rucosa, intus longitudinaliter subsuleata (Philippi). 
Vermetus semisurrectus, Bivona, Nuov. Gen. p. 10, t. 2. f. 3; 
Philippi, Enum. p. 171, t. 9. f. 1911, p. 144; vix Lacaze Duth. 
Bivonia semisurrecta, Gray, Figs. p. 28, t. 58. f. 1; Adams, 
Genera, p. 358. 
Vermetus ( Aletes?) semisurrectus, Mérch, Journ. Conch. viii. p. 39. 
Hab. In mari Mediterraneo (Sicilia) frequens plerumque testaceis, 
rarius scopulis adnata (Philippz). 
Dr. Hornbeck has received a specimen of this species attached to 
Murex branderis, L., from M. Bivona, jun., which agrees perfectly 
with the above description ; but the median lira on the penultimate 
whorl is a little more prominent than in the others. In the Museum 
of Breslau is a specimen of nearly twice the diameter of Philippi’s, 
represented pl. 9. f. 19, and which yet appears to be the same species. 
I believe this species is only the adult state of the preceding. The 
chief differences are afforded by the animal; in the present species 
all the tentacula are stated to be retractile, whilst in the preceding 
species only the superior are a little retractile ; but these observations 
are probably not founded on very exact investigations. The brim 
of the mantle is simple, not reflected as in B. triquetra; but this 
character is very likely only momentary. The colours are very dif- 
ferent, but seem not to be constant, and are subject to great variations. 
In the first volume of ‘ Enumeratio,’ Philippi describes the lid thus 
—‘‘Operculum fere completum;” but in the second volume— 
*Operculum completum, tenue, planum.” Philippi’s representa- 
tions of the two species seem to me to show the opercula of the same 
size in proportion to the lumen of the tubes. The animal represented 
by Lacaze Duthiers as V. semisurrectus seems not to have any lid; 
I suppose, therefore, it is V. gigas, Biv. 
