1866. j IN THE GENERATIVE ORGANS OF A COW. 593 



to be a curious example of an hermaphrodite. Although interesting 

 physiologically as a specimen exhibiting deviation from the normal 

 type in the sexual organs, yet the animal did not possess such other 

 points of general or public interest as to entitle it to a permanent 

 place in the Society's collection. 



On anatomical investigation of the dead body it was found to afford 

 indications of belonging either to the spurious kind of female her- 

 maphroditism, or to be in some degree an example of what has been 

 termed transverse hermaphroditism*, — that is, a malformation of the 

 generative system wherein the internal organs belong to one sex and 

 the external to another — or (as has been ingeniously suggestedf ) 

 that, supposing a transverse line were drawn between the external 

 and the internal parts, assuming these to be superimposed the one 

 over the other, there would exist a different sex in the upper and 

 lower segments. 



Instances of transverse hermaphroditism in the lower mammalia 

 are, comparatively speaking, not of unfrequent occurrence ; but the 

 present one, if strictly coming under that denomination, is rendered 

 interesting by possessing, in some respects, a structural condition 

 allying it to the rare division of transverse hermaphroditism in which 

 the external organs are of the male type, the internal of the female J. 

 It presents a kind of intermediate stage or grade of what is known 

 as the Free Martin § — that variety of sexual malformation in twin 

 cattle, one of which bears external resemblances to a female, or has 

 superadded individual male organs, but even when purely feminine 

 in structure is often barren. 



To convey an idea of the bodily appearance of this animal sent 

 to the Gardens, I shall jot down a few points appertaining thereto ; 

 for in cases of genital malformation it is desirable to observe how 

 far the outward character agrees with, or deviates from, the true 

 sexual organization. 



In size it was about equal to an Alderney Cow. There was nothing 

 remarkable in colour, which was as follows : — Head blackish brown ; 

 muzzle and tips of ears nearly black ; back and well down the sides 

 lightish brown, shading below and on the outer aspect of the legs to 

 a more blackish brown, becoming entirely black below the hocks ; 

 each hind leg just above the hoof marked by a broad circle of white 

 hairs ; axillary and inguinal regions whitish ; tail dark brown, end- 

 ing in a tuft of strong black hairs. 



The horns were short, gently tapering to the points, and having 

 an outward and forward spread. Ears finely formed, not long, but 

 conspicuously directed upwards and slightly forwards. 



Dr. Crisp, who examined the living animal along with me, consi- 

 dered at first sight that it bore resemblances fully as much to the 



* Gurlt, Lehrbuch der pathol. Anat. der Haus-Sangetliiere, (1832) vol. ii. p 185. 



f See Prof. Simpson's article, " Hermaphroditism," in the 'Cyclop, of Anat. 

 and Physiol.' vol. ii. p. 685. 



i Var. a. Hermaph. transv. masculinns, of Gurlt, he. cil. p. 186. 



§ Hunter, Phil. Trans. 1779; and Palmer's Edit, of Hunter's Works, 18.37 

 vol. iv. p. 34. 



