
Dec, 22, 1870] 

are performed in this room. Rooms F, G, and H are devoted 
to experimental physiology, and are furnished with opera- | 
ting tables, with bellows attached for keeping up artificial 
respiration on curarised animals, rezistering apparatus of 
various sorts for recording the pressure of the blood, | 
water baths where any required temperature may be kept 
up indefinitely, an injecting apparatus like that in the | 
microscopical department, evaporating closets, glass cases 
for apparatus, &c. Between Rooms G and H is a small | 
closet arranged for observations with the spectroscope. | 
Room I is the chamber where all experiments are per- 
formed which require the use of large quantities of quick- | 
silver, It contains two quicksilver pumps for extracting | 
gases from fluids, instruments for measuring the activity 
of the respiration in mim and the lower animals, &c. 
Room J is divided into two portions, one of which is used 





for a weighing room, and the other for experiments in 
acoustics. Rooms K and Lcontain, besides the ordinary 
furniture of chemical laboratories, the ingenious air-pump 
of Bunsen, by which the process of filtering is so greatly 
accelerated. The lecture room, M, accommodates about 
one hundred students. Tables running on a small rail- 
road in front of the seats, enable the lecturer to demon- 
strate his experiments very conveniently. The room is | 
lighted from above as well as from the side, and if neces- | 
sary, can be darkened completely for optical experiments. | 
In the basement of the building is a small gas-engine | 
of about one-horse power, which drives the respiration 
apparatus, registering instruments, &c. In the basement 
are also the rooms where the animals are kept (one room 
being devoted entirely to frogs), a chamber furnished with 
refrigerators for performing chemical experiments, where | 
alow temperature is required, a chamber containing fur- 
naces for fusion, a workshop, store-rooms, &c. 
“ The second story of the building contains the rooms of 
Prof. Ludwig and his family, and those of other persons 
connected with the laboratory. In the court-yard is a 
small building containing the necessary arrangements for 
experimenting on horses and other large animals. Here, 
also, are an aviary and a small fish-pond, | 
“Besides the permanentandstationary apparatus already | 
described, the laboratory is well supplied with all sorts of 
instruments for physiological experiments, and new appa- 
| 
NATURE He 
ratus is constantly ordered for special investigations, 
There is also a very skilful mechanic living in the labora- 
tory, whose duty it is to make alterations or repairs in the 
apparatus as circumstances may require. 
“Prof. Ludwig directs personally all the work done in the 
| laboratory, devoting his whole time to the superintendence 
of his pupils, and makinz no independent investigations, 
Each of the pupils, at present nine in number, makes, 
under the direction of the Professor, a series of experi- 
ments with a view of settling some special point in physio- 
logy. The results arrived at are published at the end of 
the year, sometimes under the names of the Professor 
and pupil together, and sometimes under that of the pupil 
alone. The whole work of the laboratory forms every 
year a pamphlet of 150 to 250 pages. 
“Prof. Ludwig lectures five times a week on physiology, 
and his assistants, viz., Prof. Schweigger-Seidel in micro- 
scopy, Dr. Htifner in chemistry, and Dr, J. J. Miiller in 
physics, also lecture on their specialties, besides super- 
intending the work done in their respective departments. 
“Tt will thus be seen that abundant facilities are here 
offered, not only for learning the existing state of physio- 
logical science, but also for becoming familiar with the 
manner in which physiology is at present studied in Ger- 
many. The patient, methodical, and faithful way in which 
the phenomena of life are investigated by the German 
physiologists not only inspires great confidence in their 
results, but encourages one in the hope that the day is 
not far distant when Physiology will take its proper place 
as the only true foundation of Medical Science. 
“H. P. BOWDITCH.” 
Dr. Bowditch adds to this in a private note that a// 
expenses, even down to the frogs used for experiments, 
| are borne by the Saxon Government ; so that the institu- 
| tion is absolutely free of charge to the student. 
Professor 
Ludwig welcomes to the laboratory any student—provided 
there is room for him—whether German, English, French, 
or Russian, who is desirous and capable of original 
investigation. 


PALAONTOLOGY OF MAN 
Par le Docteur E. J, 
London: Williams and 
Précis de Paléontologie Humaine. 
Hamy. 8vo. (Paris, 1870, 
Norgate.) 
M HAMY’S Paleontology of Man, written with the 
* view of bringing the results of recent discovery to 
bear on the antiquity of our species, is a most important 
contribution to the rapidly increasing literature of pre- 
historic archeology. It is intended to serve as an appendix 
to Sir C. Lyell’s great work on the subject, and treats only 
of palaeolithic man to the exclusion of the three newer pre- 
historic ages. M. Hamy has classified his materials with 
judgment and caution, and has collected into a small com- 
pass most of the statements on record of the existence of 
man in the geological past, with a running criticism, which 
sometimes admits, and at other times rejects, the testi- 
mony. Hestands almost alone among his countrymen 
in attaching no importance to the reputed discovery of the 
famous Moulin Quignon jaw, and in allowing that the 
circumstances under which it was found were, to say the 
least, very equivocal, His book, ina word, is so good that 
I propose to draw attention toa few of the weak rather 
