174 76. SANTALA.CE^. [Santalum. 



S. albiim, LmB. Sp. PI. 497 ; Fl. Br. I. 5. 231 ; Dalz. & Gibs. Bom. 

 Fl. 224; Brandis For. Fl. 398 ; Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 25H. Sandalwood 

 tree. Gundoda, K. ; chandan, M. Indigenous throughout the dry dis- 

 tricts of the presidency, also abundant in some of the dry deciduous for- 

 ests of North Kanara ; often along the bunds of tanks and in hedges. 

 Fl. Mch., Aug. Fr. C.S. Yields the sandalwood of commerce. 



OSYRIS, L. 



Glabrous shrubs ; branches angular. Leaves alternate. Flowers 

 hermaphrodite or uuisexaal. Perianth of male fl. slender, of herma- 

 phrodite fl. obconical, 3-4 lobed. Stamens 3-4-5. Ovary inferior, 

 ovules at apex of short central placenta. Fruit a drupe. Seed 

 globose, albuminous. 



O. arborea, Wall. Cat. 4035 ; Fl. Br. I. 5. 232 ; Brandis For. Fl. 399 ; 

 0. Wightiana, Dalz. & Gibs. Bomb. Fl. 223. Popoli, lotal, M. Through- 

 out the Konkan and North K4nara, common in moist forests from the 

 sea-coast inland. Fl. throughout the year. 



SCLEROPYRUM, Arnott. 



Trees often spiny. Leaves coriaceous. Flowers in short spikes 

 at the leafless nodes, polygamous. Perianth-tube of male fl. solid; 

 of female fl. adnate to the ovary ; lobes 5. Stamens 5, filaments 

 2-fid. Anther cells dehiscing transversely. Ovary inferior ; style 

 short, stigma large, peltate ; ovules 3, pendulous from the top of a 

 central column. Drupe pyriform, pedicelled. Seed subglobose. 



S. Wallichianum, Am. in Jard. Mag, Zool. & Bot. II. (1858) 550 ; Fl. 

 Br. I. 5. 234 ; Pymlarin WaUichiana, Bedd. Fl. Sylv. t. 304. In the 

 evergreen forests of the Konkan and North K4nara ghats ; a moderate- 

 sized tree in the forests near Yellapur, common near the Nilkund ghat. 

 Fl. Dec, Feb. Fr. ripe May, June. 



Order 77. EUPHORBIACE^. 



Trees or shrubs with milky juice. Leaves alternate or opposite. 

 Flowers unisexual. Perianth calycine, rarely double. Stamens vari- 

 ous. Ovary superior, 3-2 carpellary. Ovules 1-2, in each cell, pen- 

 dulous from inner angle of cell. Funicle often thickened. Fruit 

 a capsule or drupe. Seed |with or without an arillus. Albumen 

 fleshy, rarely 0. 



Cells of ovary 2-ovuled. ' 



Flowers enclosed in an involucre or not 



Flowers enclosed in an involucre ...Euphorbia. 



Flowers not inclosed in an involucre. 

 Petals minute or 0. 



Petals present. Calyx-lobes valvate. Filaments uni- 

 ted. 



Fruit a drupe Bridelia. 



Fruit a capsule Cleistanthus, 



Calyx-lobes imbricate. Filaments free Actephila, 



Petals 0. 



