168 7 DR. J. E. GRAY ON THE TORTOISES. [Mar. 11, 
The hinder part of the skull over and near the ethmoid bones 
varies considerably, and affords very good characters for the distinc- 
tion of the species. 
1. Tesrupo rnpica, Gray. 
Testudo indica, (skull figured) Cuvier Oss. Foss. v. t. f. ; 
copied, Wagler, N. Syst. Amph. t. 6. f. 51, 52, 53; Gray, Cat. 
Shield Reptiles in B. M. t. 35. fig. 1. 
T. elephantopus, Owen, Cat. Osteol. Mus. Col. Surg. p. 194. no. 
1011 (skeleton), 1058 (skull). 
Skull—length 53 inches, width at zygomatic condyles 43; the 
alveolar plate in the upper jaw broad, with a central and marginal 
ridge, and a groove in the lower jaw, the whole length of the margin. 
There is a skeleton of a small adult specimen of this species in the 
British Museum. 
2. TESTUDO PLANICEPS. 
T. planiceps, (skull figured) Gray, Cat. Shield Reptiles in B. M. 
t. 34. 
Skull—length 53 inches, width over zygomatic arches 4}; the 
alveolar plate in the upper jaw narrower, with a central and marginal 
ridge, and a groove in the lower jaw, the whole length of the margin. 
3. TresTUDO TABULATA. 
T’. tabulata, (skeleton) Wiedemann, Arch. Zool. ii. 181; Wagler, 
N. Syst. Amph. t. 6. f. 1-6; Owen, Cat. Osteol. Mus. Coll. Surg. 
p. 200. no. 1044 (skeleton with mutilated skull), 1046 (skull ?). 
Var. Testudo boiei, Wagler, N. Syst. Amph. t. 6. f. 7-13. 
Junior? 7°. denticulata, Owen, Cat. Osteol. Mus. Coll. Surg. 
p. 201. no. 1045 (skull); not Green. 
The upper jaw with a high triangular ridge, and the lower with a 
deep triangular groove with a very high inner edge, parallel to and 
nearly as long as the short-edged outer margin, only represented in 
the front of the upper jaw by the broad, deep, central, anterior pit. 
The upper jaw with a notch on each side of the centre, and the 
lower with a broad, compressed, conical projection. Palate very 
deep nearly the whole length, deeper on each side in front, with 
three laminar ridges, the middle one being the most distinct. The 
ethmoid bones smooth, without any distinctly raised ridge on each 
side. 
There are a skeleton and two skulls appearing to belong to this 
species in the British Museum. Length of the skull of the skeleton, 
from nose to condyle, 2} inches ; width at zygomatic arches 12 inch. 
Length of largest separate skull 2 inches 5 lines, width 12 inch. 
There is also in the Museum the skeleton of a small but adult spe- 
cimen of the variety, with very deeply sulcated shields. ‘They differ 
from each other somewhat in the depth, and slightly in the form of 
the concavity in the palate, and in the strength of the margin on 
