1869.] MR. D. G. ELLIOT ON THE GENUS PELECANUS. 575 
subgenus for the remaining species; while P. minor of Riippell is 
deemed a variety of onocrotalus, and mitratus of Lichtenstein a 
synonym of rufescens—this last a serious error, as the two may not 
even be included in the same group. This error, however, is re- 
peated again by javanicus of Horsfield being given as a synonym of 
philippensis. The two species mitratus (or minor, as it should be 
called) and javanicus belong to that group which have the feathers 
of the forehead terminating in a long point at the base of the upper 
mandible, while in rufescens these form a concave line at the base 
of the culmen. This author appears to have arranged’ his synonymy 
without having examined the specimens, which is generally con- 
sidered rather necessary when one is defining species. 
The second genus is Cyrtopelicanus, Reich., including the single 
species erythrorhynchus—although Latham’s name is here employed, 
aud the synonymy is very much mixed up with that properly be- 
longing to moline of Gray ; for although we may not exactly be 
able to determine what ¢hagus of Molina is referable to, it is very 
certain that it does not belong to the White Pelican of North 
America. The remaining species, fuscus and thagus (Molina), are 
included in Wagler’s genus Onocrotalus, Brisson’s genus of the 
same name, established nearly one hundred years previous, being 
ignored. These genera are made to comprise the subfamily Pele- 
canine, which, with Suline, constitutes his family Pelecanide, tribe 
Totipalmi, of the order Gavie. 
(1864.) Jerdon, ‘ Birds of India.’ In this valuable work the 
species of Pelicans inhabiting India are given :—P. onocrotalus; P. 
mitratus, which is minor, Riippell; P. javanicus, which, being 
described as possessing an occipital crest, which true javanicus never 
has, and also having the frontal feathers truncated and not pointed, 
would appear to be referable to P. rufescens ; and, finally, P. philip- 
pensis, which is young rufescens. 
(1867.) Blyth, in the ‘Ibis.’ In his commentary on Dr. Jerdon’s 
‘ Birds of India,’ this author here reviews the Pelicans enumerated 
in that work. He refers mitratus to onocrotalus as identical, or 
only a race. The P. onocrotalus of Jerdon is mentioned as never 
having any occipital crest, nor any tumidity upon the forehead, 
which does not agree with onocrotalus of Europe, which, during the 
breeding-season, has both of these. P. javanicus is considered a 
race of onocrotalus; and a fourth race, a “ similar diminutive of P. 
mitratus,” is deemed to be the Onocrotalus minor of Riippell. Of 
the P. crispus type, P. rufescens is acknowledged, and philippensis 
doubtfully separated from it. 
(1868.) Sclater, ‘ Proceedings of the Zoological Society.’ A list 
of the known species is here given, with plates of two, fuscus and 
rufescens, juv.: javanicus, Jerdon, is referred to mitratus, Lich- 
tenstein; and onocrotalus, Jerdon, to javanicus, Horsfield. An 
analytical table is appended at the end of the article. No synonymy 
is given, the article being intended more as a list of the species living 
in the gardens of the Society than as a monograph of the genus. 
