598 

members of scientific staffs are on active service with 
H.M. Forces :—Plymouth: Marine Biological Associa- 
tion’s Laboratory:—L. R. Crawshay, naturalist, 
Lance-Corpl. 1st King Edward’s Horse; E. W. Nel- 
son, naturalist, Lieut.-Commander, Royal Naval Divi- 
sion; J. H. Orton, naturalist, 2nd Lieut. Royal Garri- 
son Artillery; E. Ford, assistant naturalist, 2nd Lieut. 
4/2 London Royal Fusiliers. Kingston, Derby: Mid- 
land Agricultural and Dairy College:—J. H. Beale, 
lecturer in horticulture, Lance-Corpl, 2/7th Batt. Sher- 
wood Foresters; F. Knowles, soil analyst, private, 
2/7th Batt. Sherwood Foresters; H. M. McCreath, 
assistant lecturer in agriculture, 2nd Lieut. 8th Royal 
Scots Fusiliers; J. G. W. Stafford, assistant lecturer 
in dairying, 2nd Lieut. 11th West Riding Regiment; 
J. C. Wallace, lecturer in horticulture, Corpl. motor 
despatch rider, Cavalry Corps, Expeditionary Force. 
Tue Cambridge University Reporter of July 13 pub- 
lishes the report of the Antiquarian Committee for 
1914. In spite of some delay caused by trade disputes, 
good progress has been made in the erection of the 
second section of block ii. of the new museum. The 
divisions of the building will be named after generous 
benefactors: Messrs. C. E. Keyser, C. C. Babington, 
and A. A. Bevan. Other donors have provided funds 
for the fittings of the new building, but the lack of 
showcases still retards the work of arrangement, and 
it is difficult to prevent damage to specimens stored 
away in boxes. A long list of accessions to the col- 
lection is given, and the master and fellows of Trinity 
College are thanked for permitting the transfer on 
deposit of all the ethnological and antiquarian speci- 
mens which had accumulated in the college library. 
There is still ample opportunity for other benefactors 
to contribute to this laudable undertaking. 
PREHISTORIC cultural centres in the West Indies 
forms the subject of a brief essay in the Journal of 
the Washington Academy of Sciences for June. Re- 
marking that the American Indian did not reach 
America until he had arrived at the Neolithic stage 
of culture, and did not make acquaintance with the 
use of metals until introduced after the discovery of 
America by Columbus, he goes on to point out that 
as a consegence of this prolonged use of stone they 
attained to a higher standard of excellence in 
the use of this material, both in the fashion- 
ing of tools and architecture, than was ever 
attained by the Neolithic peoples of the Old 
World. In discussing the remains left by the 
aboriginal inhabitants of the West Indies he insists 
that three cultural epochs must be recognised—the 
cave-dwellers, the agriculturists, and the Caribs. The 
most primitive of these is found represented by objects 
found in the floors of caves or in the numerous shell- 
heaps scattered from Cuba to Trinidad. But the 
Caribs seem to have been preceded everywhere by the 
Arawaks, as is shown by the fact that pottery of 
high excellence has been found on all the islands 
inhabited by Caribs who, being a nomadic people, had 
not acquired this art. 
Tue Journal of the Royal Microscopical Society for 
June (part 3) contains the presidential address by Prof. 
NO. 2387, VOL. 95] 
NATURE 

[JuLy 29, 1915 
G. Sims. Woodhead on ‘‘ Some of the Micro-biological 
Problems of the Present War.’”’ Prof. Woodhead dis- 
cusses the question of antiseptic versus aseptic surgery, 
and is convinced that for the treatment of wounds 
received on the battlefield antiseptics should be used. 
The sterilisation of water by means of chlorine and 
causation of cerebro-spinal fever are other subjects 
dealt with in this interesting address. 

Tue lately issued report, No. 3, of the Danish 
Oceanographical Expeditions, 1908-10, is mainly 
occupied by K. Stephensen’s account of the Isopoda, 
Tanaidacea, Cumacea, and Amphipoda, many of the 
species being illustrated by clear outline drawings. 
P. Jespersen’s paper on deep-sea fishes of the family 
Sternoptychidz is noteworthy for its detailed distri- 
butional maps. Madame P. Lemoine describes the 
Calcareous Algz, illustrating her work with struc- 
tural figures and a well-printed photographic plate. 
AT a meeting of the council of the Ray Society, held 
on July 22, Prof. E. B. Poulton, vice-president, in the 
chair, it was resolved to issue for 1916 the second 
volume of Mr. W. C. Worsdell’s ‘‘ Plant-Teratology,” 
comprising the flower, with twenty-seven plates, 
several being coloured, and about ninety text-figures, 
completing the work; and also the second part of 
vol. iii. of Prof. McIntosh’s ‘ British Marine Anne- 
lids,” consisting of twenty-eight plates with descrip- 
tions, six uncoloured plates being substituted tem- 
porarily for coloured plates, which cannot at present 
be obtained on account of the war. 
A LARGE number of the Annals of the South African 
Museum (vol. xiii., part 4), published in April, is filled 
with a paper by Mr. M. Connolly, on South African 
Mollusca, which he modestly entitles ‘‘ Notes.” The 
most important of these is a mongraph of the Dor- 
casiine—a distinctively tropical and South African sub- 
family of snails, which are fully described, with 
anatomical details, and a suggestive distributional 
discussion in which the author supports the theory of 
an ancient tropical continental tract stretching from 
South America by Africa and the Indian Ocean to 
Australia. 
Tue last number (vol. xii., No. 76) of the Quekett 
Microscopical Club’s Journal contains an account by 
Mr. R. T. Lewis of the early history of the club, 
which, founded on July 7th, 1865, has just celebrated 
its fiftieth birthday. Its first president was Dr. E. 
Lankester, and among his successors may be men- 
tioned T. H. Huxley, W. B. Carpenter, A. D. Michael, 
and B. T. Lowne. Prof. A. Dendy now occupies the 
chair of the club, and his suggestive address on the 
biological conception of individuality is printed in the 
same number. The complexity and difficulty of the 
subject is well illustrated by his references to the well- 
known ‘“‘border”’ cases of the Siphonophora, Cestoda, 
Annelida, and the communities of social insects, as 
well.as to abnormal instances of ‘‘ double personality" 
in human beings. 
We have received the first number of vol. ix. of the 
Quarterly Journal of Experimental Physiology. It 
scarcely seems that it is as much as eight years ago 
