1S'C8.] MR. R. BROWN ON THE MAMMALS OF GREENLAND. 331 



thority on the zoology of Danish Greenland*. Herein are enumerated 

 thirty-one species of Mammalia indigenous to the country, exclusive 

 of Man and those which have been introduced by man's agency. 

 Four of these species I have shown in this memoir to have been 

 entered upon imperfect grounds, one was mistaken for another ( Ovi- 

 bos moschatus for Bos grunniens), and several are now known to 

 be only synonyms of other species. The species of Cetacea are, as 

 might be expected, the most obscurely described of all, and have 

 occasioned much controversy ; and more superabundance of literary 

 acumen has been spent on these descriptions than the nature of them 

 will allow of. 



Subsequently the elder Reinhardt gave some notes on the Greenland 

 Mammalia in the 'Isis' for 1848, which, in the main, are only a 

 reproduction of the earlier account of Fabricius ; and in 1857, the 

 present Professor Reinhardt, of Copenhagen, in the Appendix to 

 Rink's 'Grdnland't furnished a list of the species, also following 

 Fabricius. He has, however, entered the only species then added to 

 the list, viz. Mus griinlandicus of Traill J, discovered by Scoresby 

 on the east coast in 1822, under the name of HypudcBus ffronIandicus§, 

 and attempts to make out what was the amarok of the older authors, 

 Fabricius's Gulo lusctis, the PAoca ursina, which Fabricius enters as 

 a member of the Greenland fauna, the Trichechus manatus, &c., and 

 with some success, though, not having visited Greenland himself, he 

 is not so successful as he otherwise might have been. This list, as 

 all the others, solely relates to Danish Greenland, extending from 

 Cape Farewell (lat. 59° 49' N., long. 43° 54' W.) to Upernavik (lat. 

 72° 48' N., long. 55° 54' W.), and is valuable as expressing the state 

 of knowledge regarding the Mammalia of Greenland in Denmark, 

 represented by a naturalist who has paid much attention to the Arctic 

 fauna, in the elucidation of some of the marine Mammalia of which 

 he has so highly distinguished himself. This, as far as I am aware, 

 is all that immediately relates to the arctic Mammals in Greenland. 

 Various other writings have thrown much light on their general 

 history ; but it is with their special history and geographical distri- 

 bution in Greenland that I have to deal. Among these memoirs, 

 I ought not to omit mentioning the excellent paper on the Mam- 

 malia of the northern countries by Professor Malmgren||, who ac- 



* In 1867, whilst staying at Claushavn, I occupied as my study a little room 

 in the old Pastor's house, now deserted and used to accommodate any stray 

 wayfaring men like myself. This was said to be the " dark closet " where 

 Pabricius wrought at his Fauna, Lexicon, and other works : it was afterwards 

 the residence of Saabye the grandson of Egede, who also wrote on Greenland. 



t Gronland Geograpliisk og Statistisk beskrevet &c. Band ii. TiUaeg Nr. i. 

 (Pattedyr) . This appendix was also published separately, ' Naturhistoriske Bidrag 

 til en Beskrivelse af Gronland,' pp. 1-12. 



X Scoresby,' Journal of a Voyage to the Northern Whale fishery, &c.,' Appendix. 



§ Prof. Reinhardt obligingly informs me (March 1868) that he is now quite 

 convinced that this is a Myodes, though he only knows it from description. 



II " Beobachtungen und Anzeichnungen liber die Siiugetliierfouna Finmarkens 

 und Spitzbergens,'' in Wiegmann's Archiv fiir Naturgesehichte, (^Berhn,) 1864, 

 pp. 63-97, translated from ofversigt af Kong. Svensk. Akad. &c. (,1863) ii. 

 pp. 127- 1.5.5. 



