18G8.] DR. J. E. GRAY ON THE CANID.E. 515 



D. The Foxes. The tail elonyated, reachimj to the ground, covered 

 with abundance of soft hair forming a brush, with a gland above 

 the base. Eges often nocturnal, with oblong erect pupils. 



11. VULPES. 



Muzzle long. Temporal crests of the skull linear or nearly 

 linear. Ears moder.ate, erect, acute. Tail with soft fur and long 

 hairs uniformlj' mixed. BuIIee of the ear-bones moderate, oblong, 

 strongly keeled, angular. 



Vulpes, Baird, Mamm. N. A. 121. 



* Large. European. 



1. Vulpes vulgaris. Fox. B.M. 



Canis tmlpes, \Am\. ^. N. i. 59; Blainv. Ostt'ogr. t. 4 (skull); 

 Gray, Cat. Mamm. B. M. 59. 



Fulpes imlgaris, Brisson, R. A. 239 ; Gerrard, Cat. of Bones ot 

 Mamm. 86. 



Far. Tail-end black. 



Canis alopex, liiun. S. N. i. 59. B.M. 



Renard charbonnier, Buffon, H. N. vii. 82. 



Brant Fox, Penn. 



Var. crucigera. Fulvous, with a black dorsal cross. 

 Fulpes crucigera, Brisson, R. A. 240 ; Gesner, Quad. f. at p. 90 ; 

 Aldrov. Quad. Digit. 221, f. at p. 222. 

 Cross Fox, Penn. 

 Hab. Europe. 



Var. melunog aster. B.M, 



Fulpes mdanog aster, Pr. Bonap., Gerrard, Cat. of Bones of 

 Mamm. 80. 

 llab. Italy. 



** Large. African. 



2. Vulpes nilotica. Sebora or Tahaleb. B.M. 



Skull — crown-line narrow behind, elongate triangular in front 

 half. 



Cants niloticus, Geoff. Cat. Mus. Paris; Desm. Mamm. 204; 

 Lechl. Doubl. 4 ; Riippell, Zool. Atlas, 4 1, t. 15 ; Gray, Cat. Mamm. 

 B. M. GO. 



C. cegyptiacus, Sonnini, Nouv. Diet. d'H. N. vi. 524 ; Riippell, 

 Zool. Atlas, t. 15 ; Ehrenb. Symb. Phys. t. 19. 



Fulpes niloticus, Gerrard, Cat. of Bones of Mamm. 85. 



Hab. North Africa ; Egypt. Called "Tahaleb" by the Egyptians, 

 "Sobora" by the Arabs. 



Skulls \7'2a, b, c, d. Length 5, width 2\ inches. 



3. Vulpes adusta. The Burnt Dog. 



Canis adusta, Sundevall, Gerrard, Cat. of Bones of Mamm. 85. 

 Hab. South Africa. Caffraria (Sundevall). 



