April 3, 19 13] 



NATURE 



129 



Geological society, March 19. —Dr. Aubrej Strahan, 

 F.R.S., president, in the chair.— B. Thompson : The 

 geology of northern Peru : Tertiary and Quaternary 

 beds. Some boo square miles of territory in the 

 Westernmost part of South America, between the 

 fourth and fifth degrees of south latitude, are dealt 

 with. A great uplift and folding of the rocks took 

 place in late Oligocene or early Miocene times, fol- 

 lowed by a comparatively short terrestrial epoch. A 

 subsequent depression allowed of the deposition of 

 Miocene and possibly later beds. In recent ages the 

 area has been spasmodically rising. The exposed 

 locks probably attain a thickness of 5000 ft. or more. 

 Eight palseontological zones are established, and 

 about 150 species of fossils are recorded. The origin 

 of the petroleum is traced to animal organisms. — 

 G. A. Frost : The internal cranial elements and 

 foramina of Dapedius granulatus, from a specimen 

 recently found in the lias at Charmouth. Owing to 

 the envelopment of the skull and its pyritisation, the 

 bones and interorbital septum are preserved in perfect 

 condition. There is no foramen in the parasphenoid 

 in front of the basipterygoid processes, as in Lepi- 

 •dotus. Trie basicranial canal differs from that in 

 Amia calva, in its extension to the rear of the skull. 



Calcutta. 

 Asiatic Society oJ Bengal, March 5. — F. W. Edwards : 

 Tipulidse and Culicidae from the Lake of Tiberias and 

 Damascus. Three species at least are new to science, 

 one of them (the Uranotasnia) being the first of its 

 genus to be found within the Paraparetic region. 

 The occurrence of Conosia irrorata makes a notable 

 extension of the known range of this widely spread 

 species. — F. H. Gravely : A preliminary account of a 

 revised classification of Indo-Australian Passalidae. 

 The Passalidae inhabiting the Indo-Australian 

 region can conveniently be divided into six 

 subfamilies. This necessitates a rearrangement 

 of the recognised genera, and the erection of a 

 new genus with Tiberius kuwerti, Arrow, as type. — 

 J. S. Gamble : Materials for a flora of the Malayan 

 Peninsula, No. 24. — Capt. R. B. Seymour Sewell : 

 Notes on the biological work of the R.I.M.S. Inves- 

 tigator during the survey seasons 1910-11 and 1911-12. 

 — E. Ghose : The internal anatomy of the blind prawn 

 of Galilee (Typhlocaris galilea, Calm). — C. F. Rousse- 

 let : A note on Rotifers from Galilee. Recognisable 

 specimens of four widely distributed species were 

 found in a tow-netting taken on the surface of the 

 Lake of Tiberias in October, 1912 ; while two sessile 

 forms were reared in Calcutta in large numbers from 

 dried mud from the bed of a small pool between 

 Tiberias and Nazareth. One of these (Occister 

 socialis, Weber), although widely distributed, is a rare 

 species. — B. L. Mukherji : The identification of the 

 Soma plant. — M. H. Shastri : The ancient civilisation 

 of Bengal. The early inhabitants of Bengal were not 

 Aryans, but a race known for their industry and com- 

 merce, colonisation, and philosophy. Buddhism took 

 its rise on the borderland of the Aryan culture, and it 

 owed more to eastern India than to western India. 



Gottingen. 



Royal Society of Sciences — The Nachrichien (physico- 

 mathematical section), part vii., for 1912, contains the 

 following memoirs communicated to the society : — 



January 13. — P. Koebe : Foundations of the con- 

 tinuity method in relation to conformable representa- 

 tion and uniformisation (preliminary considerations). 



May 28. — W. Voigt : Electric and magnetic double 

 refraction (ii.). 



June 22. — L. E. J. Brouwer : The freedom from 

 singularities of the modular manifold. — P. Koebe : A 

 NO. 2266, VOL. 91] 



new method of conformable representation and uni- 

 formisation. — \V. Behrens and E. Hecke : The recti- 

 linear motion of Born's rigid electron. 



July 0. — G. Tamman : The method of determining 

 />-T-lines for the construction of phase diagrams. 



August 22. — D. Hilbert : Foundations of the elemen- 

 tary theory of radiation. 



October 26. — G. Tamman : The theory of poly- 

 morphism (in crystals). — W. Voigt : Electric and 

 magnetic double refraction (hi.)- 



November 23. — F. Korber ; The relations between 

 the volume-surfaces of the isotropic and anisotropic 

 phase, and the course of the neutral curve, Az> = o. 



December 7. — A. von Koenen. : The geological rela- 

 tions of the southern Reinhard and Bram Forests, 

 especially on the Miinden-Blatt. 



The supplement contains a long paper by L. 

 Schlesinger on Gauss's memoirs on the theory of 

 functions, being part iii. of the " Materials for a 

 Scientific Biography of Gauss," collected by F. Klein 

 and M. Brendel. 



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