ZOOLOGY. 265 



LOPHODYTES CTJCULLATUS, (Linn.) Reich. 



Hooded Merganser. 



Meri/m cueulhtiis, Linn. Syst. Nat. I, ]760, 207.— Gmelin, I, .''i44.— Wilson, Am. Oin. VIII, 70 ; pi. Isix —Bon. Obs. 

 No. 251. -Sw. F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 4G;! — ^fuTTAL, Man. 11, 465.— Aud. Orii. Biog. Ill, 1835, 

 246: V,6rJ; pl.233— Ib. Sjn. 2y<).—lB. Birds Aiikh-. VI, 1843, 402; pl.4l3. 

 LrphoJyles cucttllntui:, RucH. Systenia Avium, 1852, p. ix — Bo.v.ip. Comptes Eendiis, XLIII, 1^56. — Baihii, Gen. Kep. 

 Bird.^ 816. 

 Si" Ch — Ili'ad with an elongau-d, compressed, semicircular crest. Anterior extremity of nostrils reaeliing not quile as far 

 as ilio middle of commissure. Froii'al feathers extending nearly as far as half the distance from lateral feathers to nostril ; the 

 latter much beyond the feathers on side of lower mandible. Bill shorter than head. 



Male. — Bill black. Head, neck, and back black; under parts and centre of crest white. Sides chestnut I>rown, barred with 

 black. White anterior to the wing, crossed by two black crescents. Lesser coverts gray; white speculum with a basal imd 

 median black bar; black terti.ils streaked centrally with white. 



I'lmale with a shorter and more pointed crest. The head and neck reddish brown; the back without pure black ; the tides 

 without transverse bars; the white of wings less extended. 

 Length, 17.50; wiug, 7.1)0; tarsus, 1.20; commissure, 1. 98 

 Bab. — Whole of North America. 



Tlie beautiful hooded merganser is extremely common in winter on the fresh water lakes 

 near Fort Steilacoom, where I obtained several fine specimens of both sexes. They also breed 

 sparingly in the neighborhood. 



In the summer of 1856 I shot one out of a brood of half grown young, which were being 

 reared on a small sluggish stream near the garrison garden. Being but slightly wounded it 

 showed great dexterity in swimming, diving, and hiding, and other spirited endeavors to escape. 

 The rest of the brood, being unharmed, took to the shore and managed most successfully to 

 hide in the long grass near the water. The individual shot was about two-thirds grown, and 

 seemed to be in color an exact miniature of the adult female. — S. 



The hooded merganser is often shot in winter, but I never saw it during summer in the 

 Territory.— C. 



Family PELECANIDAE. The Pelicans. 

 PELECANUS ERYTHRORHYNCHUS, G m e 1 i n . 



RougU-btlled or "Wliite Pelirau. 



Pelecanm erylhrnrliync/ius, Oh. Syst. Nat. 1788, 571. 



Pdecanus trachyrhynchvs, L\th. Ind. Orn. II, 1790, 8R4.— Bon. Comp. List, 1838, 60.— Gr.vv, Gen. of Birds, 1845, 309. 



Cyriopdicanus trachyrhyi.chiis, BoN. Cons. Av. II, 1855, 103. 



Pdecanus onxrAalus, Bon. Syn. 1828, No. 351.— Rich, and Sw. F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 472.— Nutt. Man. IT, 1834,471. 



Pekcanus nmeiieanus, Aup. Orn. Biog. IV, 1838, 88.— Ib. Syn. 1839.— Ib. Birds Am. VII, 1844, 20 ; pi. ccccxxii. 

 Sp. Ch — Head with a yellow occipital crest; bill yellow, sub-maxillary pouch very large; general color white; primaries 

 black, second the longest ; legs and feet very strong. 



AJull male. — The general plumage is pure white ; in the breeding season, with a roseate tinge ; the crest and elongated f^-athers 

 on the breast pale yellow: the alula, primary coverts and primaries black, the shafts of the latter white for the greater part of 

 their length, being brownish black at the end ; the outer secondaries black, the inner more or less white, the shafts of all white 

 undernea h. Bill yellow, with the edges and unguis reddish ; upper mandible high at the base, but becoming gradually flattened 

 to the end ; on the ridge just beyond the middle of the bill is a thin elevated bony process about one inch high, and extending 

 towards the end for three or four inches; lower mandible broad at the base, with the cruta separated nearly to the point; 

 underneath the lower mandible, beginning at the junction of the cruta, and extending down the neck for about eight inchep, 

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