344 ZOOLOGY. 



entire orbit. Anterior margin of dorsal fin equidistant between the tip of tlie scout and the base of the caudal. Ground color 

 grayish silvery above ; sides and belly yellowish orange ; dorsal fiu spotted." — Gikard. 



Syn —Fario aurora, Grd. in Proc. Acad. Nat So. Philad. VIII, 1856, 218.— Ibid. Gen. Eep Fishes, 1858, 308. 

 Salmo aurora, Grd. MS. 

 ?! Red-char, Lewis & Clark. 



Two specimens of salmon, upon which Dr. Girard based the description of the present 

 species, were obtained, in 185-1, by Lieutenant Trowbridge, United States army, at Astoria, 

 near the mouth of the Columbia. From the appearance of these fish I am inclined to the belief 

 that they are immature, being the young of a species as yet unknown in the adult state. A full 

 description of the specimens is contained in the general report on the fishes, P. R. R. Reports, 

 volume X. 



Dr. Girard has placed the present species under the genus Fario, (Valenc.,) the characters 

 of which are appended in a foot-note.* 



SALMO CLARKII, Rich. 



Clark's Salmon. 



i^n.— Salmo Clarkii, Rich. F. B. A. HI, 1836, 224.— Storkk, Synop. 1846, 197.— Herbert, Fish and Fishing of the U. S. 

 Suppl. 1850, 40. {N<m Salmo Clarkii, Grd.) 



?r. Cii.— (Drawn from Richardson's description and Dr. Gairdner's notes.) Dorsal profile nearly straight. Ventrals 

 opposite to the middle of first doisal. Fissure of mouth oblique. Extremity of caudal nearly even. Both jaws armed with 

 strong hooked teeth, a single row on each palate bone, and a double row oq the anterior half of the vomer and on the 

 tongue. The teeth are long, slender, and acute. Lingual teeth longest and most curved. An oblong plate on the isthmus 

 which unites the lower ends of the bronchial arches, rough, with very minute teeth. Sixty-six vertebrae in the spinal 

 column. 



The colors of the species, as given by Dr. Gairdner, are not retained in the foregoing list 

 of specific characters, as from the marked existence of large red and purplish patches we infer 

 that the specimens described were not in prime condition. Dr. Gairdner says : "Back generally 

 brownish purple-red, passing on the sides into ash gray, and into reddish white on the belly. 

 Large patches of dark purplish red on the back. Dorsals and base of the caudal ash gray; end 

 of caudal pansy purple. Back, dorsal, and caudal studded with small semi-lunar spots. A large 

 patch of arterial red on the opercule and margin of the preopercule. Pectorals, ventrals, and 

 anal grayish white, tinged with rose red." The rays are given in the following formula : "Br. 

 11; P. 12; V. 8; A. 13; D. 11—0." 



The specimens described by Sir John Richardson were obtained by Dr. Gairdner from the 

 Katpootl (Cathlapootl) river, a small tributary of the Columbia, emptying into the right side 

 of the latter a short distance below Fort Vancouver. Richardson named the species in honor 

 of Captain Clark, the indefatigable explorer, and seems to consider it identical with Captain 

 Clark's dark variety of salmon trout, (which we think is the same as our S. Gibhsii.) In 

 color, Richardson says, ' ' this species resembles the myhiss of Kamtschatka, and there is no 

 very material discrepancy in the number of rays in the fins." 



The same writer, in the addenda to the Fishes, page 308, notices some trout received from 



* Genus FARIO, Valenc. 

 ' ' Gen. Char — Possesses all the characters of the salmons, differing from the latter by the presence of only one row of teeth 

 upon tEe shaft of the vomer. The rest of the bones forming the upper roof of the mouth being toothless." — Gieaed. 



