348 ZOOLOGY. 



SALAR, Valenc. 



Gen. Ch.— All the characters of the salmons, but differing from them as well as from the genus Fario in being provided 

 with a double row of teeth upon the shaft of the vomer, whilst the front of that bone is smooth and toothless. 



SvN.— Saiur, Valenc. in Ouv.Sf Val. Hist. Nat, des Pois. XXJ, 1848, 314.— Gbd. in Proc. Acad. Xat. Sc, Philad. VIII, 

 1856,219. 



(SALMO,) SALAR LEWISI, Grd. 



Alissouri Trout* 



Plate LXXII. 



Sp. Cn — Body rather thickish upon the middle region; head moderate, constituting a little less than the fifth of the 

 total length; maxillary gently curved ; its posterior e.xtremity reaching a vertical line drawn immediately behind the orbit. 

 Anterior margin of dorsal flu a little nearer the extremity of the snout than the base of the caudal fin. Ground color of the 

 upper region bluish gray, of the inferior region orange or yellow. 'Ihe back, peduncle of the tail, dorsal, adipose and 

 caudal fins are spotted with black. The belly and lower fins are unicolor, a deep orange hue existing along the rays, and 

 also in the shape of a dot upon the abdominal scales, and which disappear in alcohol. 



Syn. — SidiiT lewisi, Ged. in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. VIII, 1850, 210. — Ib. Gen. Eep. Fishes. 



The pre.sent species was first noticed by Lewis and Clai-k, who took them at the falls of the 

 Missouri river, and expressly noticed the absence of red spots upon them, which are replaced 

 by black. 



I made a journey of thirty miles expressly to obtain specimens of these trout, and succeeded 

 in taking with the "fly" some half dozen, two of which were preserved, and were the typical 

 individuals upon which Dr. Girard described the species. They were taken at a point just 

 below the falls above mentioned, and are doubtless the same as those got by Lewis and Clark. 

 The individuals procured by me averaged about one pound in weight. Some doubtless attain 

 a much greater size, perhaps reaching four or five pounds. Many trout were found in the 

 Rocky mountains, most numerously, however, west of the dividing ridge, in the small tributaries 

 of Clark's Fork. In general appearance they seemed identical with this species, but no 

 critical examination was made, the specimens procured having been destroyed in transitu. If 

 they are found to be identical in species, the 8. lewisii will then be included in the fauna of 

 Washington Territory. 



THALEICHTHYS PACIFICUS, Grd. 



The Eulachon, 



Plate LXXV, Figs. 1^. 



Sp. Ch, — Head sub-conical and pointed. Mouth large ; posterior extremity of raaxillar bone extending to a vertical line 

 drawn posteriorly to the orbit. Eye rather small Adipose fin placed opposite the posterior portion of the anal, which is 

 quite elongated. The insertion of the ventral fins is situated considerably in advance of the anterior margin of the dorsal. 

 Scales moderate, sub-elliptical. Dorsal region, dark grayish olive; middle of flank, yellowish orange dotted with black; belly 

 yellowish, unicolor; upper surface and sides of head grayish : fins, unicolor. 



Stn. — Thaldclithi/s slenensi, Grd. Gen. Eep. Fishes. 

 Salmo (maUolui) pacijiciis, Eioh, F B. A. 



To Sir John Richardson's account of the Eulaclion but little can be added. They formerly 

 entered the Columbia river in great numbers, and were equall}' abundant in Puget Sound. At 

 present, although sparingly found in the waters named, they cannot be considered as occurring 

 in large numbers south or east of the southern end of Vancouver's Island. In the latter 

 locality they are very abundant in certain seasons, but nearly always a season of abundance is 

 followed by three or four years of scarcity. Further northward they are constantly abundant. 

 The Haida, Stickene, and Chumtseyan Indians, living along the coasts of British and Russian 



