SYNODONTIS. 



457 



45. SYNODONTIS SERRATUS. 



Rupp. Beschr. n. Fisclie Nil, p. 8, pi. ii. fig. 1 (1829) ; Cuv. & Val. Hist. Poiss. 



XV. p. 263 (1840) ; Giinth. Cat. Fish. v. p. 212 (18G4), and Petherick's Trav. 



ii. p. 234 (1869j; Vaill. N. Arch. Mus. (3) viii. 1896, p. 136 ; Bouleng. 



Fish. Nile, p. 372, pi. Ixx. & pi. Ixxi. fig. 2 (1907). 

 Pseiidosynodoutis serratus, Bleek. Nederl. Tijdschr. Dierk. i. 1863, p. 55. 



Depth of body 3 J to'4i times in total length, length of head 3J to 

 4^ times. Head 1^ to 1 J times as long as broad, more or less rugose 

 above, behind the snout, the rugosities sometimes concealed under a 

 rather thick skin ; snout rounded or obtusely pointed, longer than post- 

 ocular part of head ; eye supero-lateral, 5 (young) to II times in length 

 of head, 2 to 4 times in interorbital width; lips moderately developed ; 



Fig. 343. 



S}/iiOfl()iitis seyi'dfiis. 

 Nubia (F. X.). J. 



prirmaxillary teeth forming a short and broad band ; movable mandi- 

 bular teeth not I diameter of eye, 30 to 48 in number. Maxillary 

 barbel with a broad marginal membrane in its proximal third, f to 

 IJ times length of head, reaching between base and middle of pectoral 

 spine ; outer mandibular barbel about twice as long as inner, the former 

 with long slender branches, which may bear secondary branches, the 

 latter with tubercular ramifications. Gill-opening not extending down- 

 wards beyond root of pectoral fin. Occipito-nuchal shield rough like 

 the occiput, obtusely tectiform, IJ to 1§ times as long as broad, posterior 

 processes pointed or truncate. Humeral process a little longer than 

 broad, fiat or with a very distinct keel, rugose, acutely pointed, extending 



