60 MESSRS. MURIE AND MIVART ON THE 
SEMISPINALIS, as usual, extends forwards, upwards, and inwards from the meta- 
pophyses to the spinous processes. Of its two parts the semispinalis dorsi is thick in 
the lumbar region, and with strong and rather short tendons; but in the dorsal region 
it is more slender and the tendon much longer, the latter extending over four or five 
vertebre. The other part, the semispinalis colli’ is thick, and the tendons are short 
and inconspicuous. 
We have dragged out these muscles and slightly exaggerated their tendons in Galago 
crassicaudatus (PI. IV. figs. 10 & 11, 4 Sp.c and 4 Sp.d). 
In Zarsius the cervical portion of this muscle is compared by Burmeister’ to the 
cervicalis descendens. 
Muttirinus sprv2.—In Lemur this, as in Man, fills the grooves between the transverse 
and spinous processes. It is very fleshy all along the spine; and though the tendons 
are distinctly seen going from the former to the latter, yet the whole mass is very 
continuous. 
See Galago crassicaudatus (Pl. IV. figs. 10 & 11, M7.s), each muscular bundle being 
divided from its fellow, so that the continuity of the whole mass is lost. 
4. Muscles of the Tail. 
Caudal Region (Dorsal and Ventral Surfaces). 
LEVATOR CAUD EXTERNUS.—This is evidently more or less the continuation backwards 
of the longissimus dorsi. It arises from the upper (posterior) surfaces of the lumbar 
and sacral transverse processes, and from the proximal caudal vertebra. It consists of 
numerous fleshy bellies, ending in very long and slender tendons, which pass inwards 
and backwards to be inserted into the caudal metapophyses. ‘This muscle is con- 
siderably larger than the levator caudie internus. In ZL. varius it arises by five tendons 
from the metapophyses of the lumbar vertebree. 
Displayed in position in the Grand Galago, PI. II. fig. 3, Z.c.e, and with the tendons 
dragged out in Pl. VI. fig. 25, L.c.e. 
LEVATOR CAUD# INTERNUS.—This division forms the continuation backwards of the 
semispinalis and the muscles internal to that. It arises from the spinous processes of 
the sacral vertebra, and is inserted by tendons into the caudal metapophyses, being 
continued backwards as a series of fleshy bundles between the caudal zygapophyses 
and the middle of the dorsum of the tail. Shown in Galago, Pl. II. fig. 3, Z.c.i, and 
tendons separated, Pl. VI. fig. 25, Z.c.7. 
‘The above two caudal muscles in the short-tailed genera, as might be expected, are 
very imperfectly developed ; yet distinct rudiments of both exist. The former muscle in 
Nycticebus has a very few fleshy fibres, with an outer border of tendon continued from 
the loins on the backs of the sacral vertebra almost to the coccygeal ones, where very 
fine tendons, like a fascia, seem to proceed to the end of the tail. The latter muscle 
' Figured by Cuyier in Z. catta, pl. 71. fig. 3, E. * Loe. cit. p. 38, tab. 4. fig. 4,7. 
