22 MESSRS. MURIE AND MIVART ON THE 
of) 
Van Campen divides this muscle in Perodicticus' into three parts. The lowermost 
stretches from the bodies of the first four dorsal to the transverse processes of the three 
lowest cervical vertebre. The uppermost part springs from the transverse processes of 
the middle cervicals reaching to the ring of the atlas. The middle part has origin from 
the bodies of the three lowest cervical, and attaches itself to the bodies of the second 
and third cervical vertebra. 
In Tarsius Burmeister? observed two distinct portions,—the upper longish one 
springing from the transverse processes and bodies of the third, fourth, and fifth 
cervicals, and inserted into the anterior tubercles of the atlas; the lower portion, 
broader, comes from the bodies of the upper dorsal vertebra, and is inserted into the 
bodies of the lowest cervical vertebre from which the upper springs, reaching as far as 
the axis. 
Owen says the longus colli in Cheiromys* is a powerful muscle, but does not give its 
entire attachments; he has probably mistaken for it the remarkably extended rectus 
capitis anticus major. It appears to consist of three portions. The first or lowest part 
arises from the sides of the bodies of the first three dorsal vertebra (covered beneath 
by the rectus capitis anticus major) by two slips, and is inserted into the transverse 
process of the sixth cervical vertebra (Pl. VI. fig. 31, L.c'). ‘The second portion (super- 
ficial) arises from the transverse processes of the cervical vertebra from the sixth to the 
third inclusive, and is inserted into the body of the atlas and axis; it is tendinous at its 
origin (Pl. VI. fig. 31, Z.c’). The third, or deepest, layer arises from the bodies of the 
cervical vertebre from the seventh to the third inclusive; and its insertion is tendinous, 
and into the lower surface of the body of the axis (PI. VI. fig. 31, Z.c*). 
ScaLent.—These muscles‘ appear to consist of two distinct masses, both of which are 
situated entirely behind the axillary vessels and nerves, and the posterior one of which 
is perforated by the external respiratory nerve of Bell. It is the anterior of these two 
masses’ which descends the further, and is inserted into the second and third ribs 
(the fourth rib, according to Meckel), in contact with part of the origin of the serratus 
magnus (PI. IV. fig. 12, Sea). 
They exist in very nearly the same condition in Z. varius, only the long anterior 
portion descends to the fourth rib. 
In L. xanthomystaz the scaleni muscles are three or four in number. ‘The longest 
slip springs from the fourth rib close to the cartilage; it proceeds forwards (upwards), 
and about the posterior (lower) third of the neck is joined by another slip which comes 
from the second and third ribs, in proximity and partial union with the serratus 
magnus. These two portions of scaleni are inserted by two tendons into the transverse 
processes of the second and fourth cervical vertebree. A third portion of the scaleni 
' Loe. cit. p. 26. 2 Op. cit. p. 39, tab. 5. fig. 14, p, q. 3 Loe. cit. p. 58, 
‘ Figured by Cuvier in his ‘ Recueil,’ pl. 69. fig. 2, 67 & 6%, and pl. 68. fig. 1, 6’ (Lemur varius). 
5 The “scalenus posterior” of Meckel, Joc. cit. p. 159. 
