ANATOMY OF THE LEMUROIDEA. 21 
The RecTUS CAPITIS ANTICUS MINOR arises from the under surface of the base of 
the transverse process of the atlas, and is inserted into the basioccipital beneath the 
last. 
It is of small size in Z. varius and in L. canthomystax. 
In Galago crassicaudatus (PI). V. fig. 16, R.a.mz) it is as in Lemur. 
In Nycticebus' we have found it arising from the transverse processes of both axis 
and atlas, and being inserted into the exoccipital just within the periotic (see wood- 
cut, fig. 11, R.c.a.min). 
In Zarsius? Burmeister states that its fibres extend to the transverse process of the 
second cervical vertebra or even further back. 
It is not mentioned by Owen in Cheiromys; but we have found it the same as in 
L. catta (P1. VI. fig. 31, R.e.mi). 
The Lonevus couit arises from the bodies of the first five dorsal vertebree and from 
the transverse processes of the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth cervical vertebra. It is 
inserted by tendons into the hypapophysis of the atlas and into the corresponding parts 
of the bodies of the other cervical vertebre. 
Neither this muscle nor either of the two preceding is represented in those of Cuvier’s 
plates which illustrate the myology of Lemuroids. 
In G. crassicaudatus the longus colli in situ reaches from the basioccipital bone to 
the ventral surface of the first four dorsal vertebre. On dissection it is found to consist 
of three portions as in Man. The first or inferior oblique portion of human anatomy 
arises by tendons from the transverse process of the sixth and seventh cervicals, and is 
inserted by several tendons into the sides of the bodies of the upper dorsal vertebre 
(see Pl. V. fig. 16, Z.c!). The second or superior oblique (Z.c?) has a fleshy cranial 
attachment underneath and posterior to the rectus anticus major; it sends three tendons 
to the tips of the second, third, and fourth cervical transverse processes. The third 
vertical portion (Z.c’) covers the ventral surfaces of the whole of the cervical and one 
or more of the dorsal vertebre; short, indistinct tendons proceed outwards to the 
transverse cervical processes. 
In G. allenii it arises by tendons from the tips of the transverse processes of the sixth 
to the third cervical vertebra, and from their bodies on the ventral surfaces. What we 
have described as a deeper portion of the rectus anticus major may in fact be a part of 
this muscle. ] 
In Loris and Nycticebus it “arises from the fronts of the bodies of the four anterior 
dorsal vertebrze, and is attached to the bodies and transverse processes of all the cervical 
vertebre, three distinct tendons going to the bodies of the atlas, axis, and third cervical 
vertebre”*. That of Nycticebus tardigradus is delineated in woodcut, fig. 11, L.c, a 
hook dragging the muscle aside, the rectus capitis anticus major having been removed 
on that side. 
1 Pp. Z.S. 1865, p. 242. 2 Loe. cit. p. 39, t. 5. fig. 14, 0. 3 Mivart & Murie, J. ¢. p. 242. 
