=I 
ANATOMY OF THE LEMUROIDEA. 
The ears are always fairly, often considerably, developed, and their relative size is a 
more constant character in certain groups than is the prolongation or shortness of the 
muzzle. 
Their occasionally great mobility during life and flexibility after death, however, 
renders this character of little value as regards stuffed specimens; for, as Dr. Gray has 
remarked', they are apt to become so much distorted artificially in the drying. 
The ears are smallest in the Nyeticebine (woodcuts, figs. 3 & 4) and in Lemur (wood- 
cut, fig. 1), where they are less than half the external length of the head. 
On the other hand they attain their maximum of relative, and indeed of absolute, 
size in Galago, Tarsius, and Cheiromys. In the first-named genus of these three they 
exceed three quarters of the extreme length of the head (woodcut, fig. 2). 
In Galago, also, their mobility during life is extreme. Attention was first called 
to this fact by Mr. A. D. Bartlett?, who has figured his G. monteiri with one of its 
ears elevated, and the other depressed. We ourselves have repeatedly noticed and 
experimented on the ears of G. maholi. In this tiny animal the rapidity and great 
power of contraction of the pinna when the creature is alarmed or irritated, is 
something remarkable. This puckering of the ear is shown in Galago garnettit, 
Pi fig.04: 
The hair about the ears or on them sometimes attains a noteworthy length®. Thus 
the ears are tufted in LZ. varius, while in L. niger (woodcut, fig. 1) the ear is surrounded 
by a circlet of very long hairs, which radiate round it in all directions, giving the animal 
quite a remarkable appearance. 
The ears of the Lemuroidea are sensibly different in shape from those of Man and 
Monkeys. 
As to the folds and prominences which compose the pinna of the external organ of 
hearing in the several genera of the Lemuroids, they are as follows :— 
In Lemur (see woodcut, fig. 1, of L. niger) there is no distinct lobule. The helix is 
flattened out posteriorly, so that it forms the actual postero-external margin of the 
pinna (woodcut, fig. 1, no. 1*); but at the anterior margin of the pinna (no. 1) it 
forms a deep fold overhanging the fosse of the antihelix and concha (nos. 4 and 7). 
The antihelix (no. 3) is a prominent though short fold; and there is a deepish pit 
existing (at no. 2*) between it and the adjacent part of the helix. ‘This latter almost 
disappears towards the middle of the pinna, then suddenly reappears as a short but very 
prominent horizontal ridge, which dips beneath the recurved anterior bend of the helix 
before mentioned. This short horizontal fold appears to answer to the lower of the 
two prominences forming the anterior bifurcation of the human antihelix. Of the 
' Proe, Zool. Soc. 1863, p. 144. 2 P.Z.S. 1863, p. 231, and pl. xxviii. 
3 Dr. Gray, loc. cit., has made use of the presence or absence of a tuft on the ears and a ruff round the head 
as marks to distinguish his subdivisions of the genus Lemur,—subdivisions which we are unable to adopt, being 
convinced that all the species form but one natural genus. 
