100 MESSRS. MURIE AND MIVART ON THE 
The gluteus maximus in the higher Quadrumana is usually simple, often large, but 
inserted seldom further than the great trochanter; in the Lemuroids it partakes of a 
passage form from the Apes towards Carnivora, Rodents, Cheiroptera, and other groups, 
by having a caudal division and being inserted much lower upon the shaft of the femur. 
A scansorius presents itself as a distinct fleshy muscle in most of the higher anthropoid 
Apes, neither does it disappear in the lower Simians, though often fused with the gluteus 
medius; it is next to absent in the Lemuroids, but again appears in Rodents and other 
lower Mammals. There are few better climbers than the Lemurine family, where, as 
we see, this muscle is diminutive or aborted, so that the name scansorius is not the 
most happily chosen one as expressive of its true function. What has been said 
regarding the development and presence of the scansorius applies in most respects to 
the tensor vagine femoris. The double origin of the rectus femoris is a normal con- 
dition in Man and persists in the Lemurs. The adductors of the thigh, though only 
three in Man, are occasionally more numerous in Apes and inferior Mammalia, The 
Lemurs stand midway as respects number, and they are feebler than in Monkeys, as 
Meckel has already observed (J. ¢. p. 379). 
The division of the tibialis-anticus tendon and muscle is a structure exhibited by 
some of the highest Quadrumana; so that its persistence in some Lemuroids affords no 
grounds of separation from the Primates, although a divided origin of the tibialis anticus 
is found in some Rodents. ‘The muscle in the Rabbit and Hare which Professor Huxley 
has termed the tibialis secundi (Hunterian Lectures, 1865), has no analogue in the Le- 
muroids; they exhibit, on the contrary, a well-defined quadrumanous tibialis posticus. 
Thus then, on the whole, the muscular structure of Lemuroids harmonizes with their 
osteological characters in justifying their union in one order with the Apes and Man, 
while aberrant and inferior characters point to a subordinal distinctness. 
We cannot conclude this Memoir without offering our thanks to our artist Mr. Berjeau 
for his earnest endeavours faithfully to render the natural appearances of the parts, while 
not losing sight of the necessity of clearness of detail. 
