536 MR. P. L. SCLATER ON CERTAIN SPECIES OF DEER 
present shown in our animals, are the rather larger, heavier legs, the longer and more 
expanding toes, and the long tail. 
The latter character, however, seems to me to haye been somewhat exaggerated in 
M. Milne-Edwards’s figures—the tail in our specimen not nearly reaching the hocks, 
and, though of somewhat different form, being really little, if any, longer! than that of 
the Fallow Deer and some of the American Deer (such as Cervus virginianus). 
The muffle of Elaphurus, as M. Milne-Edwards has already Fig. 3. 
stated, is quite naked and moist, as in the true Cervi (see fig. 3). 
The lachrymal sinus is small, and the eye also remarkably 
small. The muzzle (fig. 2, p. 535) is terminated by a good 
many single straggling bristles, as in C. duvaucelli. 
The insides of the ears in this Deer are very closely filled 
with dense hairs. 
I cannot ascertain positively whether the usual gland on 
the outer side of the metatarsus is present or not in this Deer ; 
but it is certainly not very highly developed. 
On the whole I can find no character to take this species out of the genus Cervus as 
I think it ought to be understood. The Elaphure is no doubt very distinct in the form 
of its horns from every other described species of the genus, and should be placed in a 
section by itself, just as Rusa, Avis, Hyelaphus, and the numerous other (so-called) 
genera of some authors. Those who regard these subordinate groups as generic will 
likewise use Elaphurus as a genus. To me its nearest ally seems to be perhaps the 
Barasingha (C. duvaucelli), which has likewise a long muzzle terminated with out- 
standing hairs, and rather long expanding toes. Like the Barasingha the Elaphure is 
in all probability an inhabitant of marshes and wet grounds. 
M. Swinhoe informs me that the young Cervus davidianus is spotted with white like 
other true Cervi at its birth, and retains the spotted dress about three months, when 
these markings gradually disappear. 
2. CERVUS MARAL. (Plate XXIX.) 
Cervus elaphus, Pallas, Zoograph. Rosso.-As. i. p. 216 (partim) ? 
Maral, McNeill, P. Z. 8. 1840, p. 11. 
Cervus maral, Ogilby, Report of Council of Z. S. 1840, p. 22; Gray, Knowsley Menag. vol. i. tabb. 40 
et 50; Sclater, Zool. Sketches, ii. pl. 12; and List of Vert. ed. iv. p. 46. 
wallichit (partim), Gray, Letterpress to ‘ Knowsley Menag.’ vol. i. p. 60; Cat. of Ungulate 
Furcipeda, p. 197, et P. Z.S. 1852, p. 227; Sclater, Cat. of Vert. ed. 1, p. 10, ed. 2, p. 14, ed. 3, 
p- 27 (partim) ; Wagner, Saugeth. Suppl. v. p. 356. 
On the 16th January, 1840, Sir John McNeil, a Corresponding Member of the 
1 In the mounted skeleton of this animal in the Royal College of Surgeons the caudal vertebra are fifteen in 
number, measuring altogether 16-5 in. in length. In the adjoining skeleton of Cervus elaphus there are eleven 
caudal vertebrae, measuring 10-25 in. The height of the skeleton of C. davidianus above the shoulder is 4 feet ; 
that of the skeleton of C. elaphus 3 feet 8 inches. 
