428 DR. J. MURIE ON THE ANATOMY OF THE WALRUS. 
was the condition of the Society’s late specimen; and moreover this membrane did not 
contain a particle of fat. ‘The same writer states that the stomach was entirely to the 
left, and describes the relations of the other parts. I may shortly allude to the disposi- 
tion of the viscera as I found them, which the diagrams, figs. 19 & 20, Pl. LV., will help 
to elucidate. When the abdomen is opened, as in fig. 20, a portion of the liver is seen 
to occupy the anterior region; but this viscus really stretches into both hypochondrie ; 
behind it, right in the middle, is the great siphon-shaped stomach, and beyond the 
convoluted intestines a portion of the bladder peering in front of the symphysis. A 
moiety only of the spleen is seen in the left hypochondrium, near the stomach, and on 
the opposite or right side, where the intestines have been thrust slightly aside, some of 
the mesenteric glands and a piece of the right kidney. 
The small intestine, after a sharp turn, crosses from right to left hypochondrium 
beneath the large-sized mesenteric glands and the spleen, and over the left kidney, 
forming hypogastric convolutions. Circuitously crossing and recrossing, it reaches the 
cecum, which is covered by the pancreas, and fixed quite beneath the stomach. The 
great intestine at first is likewise covered by the pancreas and cardiac end of stomach, 
and in loops proceeds towards the fundus of the bladder, where the rectum com- 
mences. 
The relative positions of the abdominal viscera thus present a general agreement with 
those of the Otary, with this difference, that the stomach in the former occupied a large 
visible area, or, in situ, was less covered by the liver than met with in my dissection of 
the latter. 
2. Alimentary Canal, Glands, &c.—The length of the cesophagus was not ascertained ; 
it is a thick-walled tube with internal linear corrugated plice. 
In the foetus,no more than half a foot long, dissected by Daubenton, the small 
intestine was 24 French feet from the pylorus to what he notes as the cecal appendage, 
which was only represented by a rudimentary tubercle; the large intestine was 
4 inches in length. In the Society’s first female specimen, 4 feet long, investigated by 
Professor Owen (1853), the entire gut, including the cecum, measured 76 feet 1} inch, 
whereof the small intestines were 75 feet, the great intestines 1 foot, and the cecum 
14 inch. The young male under immediate consideration was a somewhat older and 
larger animal than the latter. 
According to Daubenton', Owen’, and Huxley* the many-lobed liver resembles that 
of Seals. My observation corroborates this to a certain extent; but in three genera of 
Pinnigrades examined by me I note certain differentiating characters. The entire 
mass and thickness of the liver, as might be expected, is absolutely the greatest in 
Trichechus, and as regards secondary or superficial fissures it presents intermediate 
gradation between Phoca and Otaria. In the latter it is sculptured and furrowed to 
a remarkable degree, less so in the second, and least in the first mentioned. The 
‘ Op. cit. p. 420. ? Pp. Z.8, 1853, p, 104. ? The Lancet, May 5th, 1866, p. 494, 
