532 THE GOLDEN-BREASTED TRUMPETER. 



iowx eggs each. Their time of breeding is about the middle of June. The eggs measure one 

 inch seven lines in length, by one inch two lines in breadth, of an olive-green color spotted 

 and streaked with ash-blue and two shades of reddish brown." These nests were found on 

 the coast of Norway. 



A peculiar characteristic is seen in this bird ; the plumage is scarcely alike in any two 

 specimens ; the coloration varies extremely, but, for example, the coloring of one specimen 

 may be described : — 



The top of the head is white streaked with black, and a black band crosses the forehead 

 and passes over the eyes. The chin, face, and sides of the neck are white, and the breast is 

 jetty black, throwing out black branches shaped like the gnarled boughs of the oak, which 

 run to the base of the bill, tlie lower eyelid, the back of the neck, and the shoulders. The 

 upj)er part of the back is also l^lack, with a band of l)right rust-red, and the lower part white, 

 with a broad band of black just above the tail-coAerts. The under j^arts are pure white, and 

 the legs and toes are scarlet orange. The length of the l)ird is rather more than nine inches. 



The Turnstone is rather solitary in habit, seldom mingling with other birds in flocks — 

 either coursing the sands alone or in company with a few of their own species. The bill is 

 tiirned upwards a tritie, seemingly so designed to aid it in turning up stones. It is abundant 

 in Hudson Bay and Greenland, and in the Arctic flats of Siberia, where it breeds, wandering 

 southerly in autumn. It flies with a loud twittering note, and runs with its wings lowered, 

 but not with i\\e rapidity of others of the tribe. It has a habit of examining the same spot 

 for a long time, tossing up pebbles with its bill, and searching ^vith great persistence for 

 worms and small mollusks. The lengtli of body is eight inches, extent of wing seventeen 

 inches. The sexes are much alike. 



Sea Dotterel is an old name for this bird. It extends its JtaMtat to Cape Good Hope and 

 Senegal. It is naturally vdld in disposition and solitary, coursing in pairs, or small families 

 whicli have been bred in families. 



The Black Turnstone {Strepsilas m.elanocep7iala) is another species, rather common 

 on the Atlantic coast. 



The bird represented on the following engraving is a native of Tropical America. 



The Golden-breasted Trumpeter is a handsome bird, remarkable for the short velvety 

 feathers of the head and neck, and their beautiful golden-green lustre on the breast. The 

 body of this bird is hardly larger than that of a fowl, but its legs and neck are so long as to 

 give it the aspect of being much larger than it really is. Like most birds of similar structure, 

 it trusts more to its legs than its wings, and is able to run with great speed and activity. It 

 is generally found in the forests. 



As it is very easily tamed, it is a favorite inmate of the house, where it soon constitutes 

 itself the self-chosen guardian, watching the premises as jealously as any dog, and permitting 

 no other bird or beast to share its owner's favors at the same time. Dogs and cats it dislikes, 

 and turns them out of the room when meal -times approach. The dog sometimes fights for its 

 privileges, but mostly in vain, for the Trumpeter has a way of rising into the air, coming 

 down on the dog's back and striking him witli bill and feet, that eft'ectually puzzles the four- 

 footed foe and forces him to vacate the field of battle. It is said to learn to diive sheep, and 

 to perform this arduous duty as well as any dog. 



The name of Trumpeter is derived from tlie strange hollow cry which it utters without 

 seeming to open the beak. This cry is evidently produced by means of the curiously formed 

 windpipe, which is furnished with two membranous expansions, and, during the utterance of 

 the cry, puft's out the neck very foi'cibly, just as the rliea does when grunting. The nest of 

 the Trumpeter is said to be a hole scratched in the ground at the foot of a tree, and to contain 

 about ten or twelve light green eggs. The head and neck are velvety black, and on the breast 

 the feathers become large, roimded, and more scale-like, and their edges are beautifully 

 bedecked with rich shining green with a purplish gloss in some lights and a lustrous golden 

 hue in others. The back is gray, the feathers being long and silken and hanging over the 



