1861.] MR. T. H. STEWART — ANATOMY OF ECIIINODKRMS. 53 



Melanitis leucocyma. (PI. IX. figs. 3, 4.) 

 Biblis leucocyma, Godart, End. p. 326. 



Alls omnibus brunneis, marginibus griseis, anticis maculis duabus 

 minutis prope apicem, posficis serie submarginali macularum 

 liliaceo-albarum ; subtus bru7ineis, ubique griseo-undulatis, pos- 

 ticis macula alba prope medium marginis costalis. 



Upperside, male : dark brown, with a submarginal band of grey, 

 the outer margins dentate and spotted with wliite. Anterior wing 

 with two or three small white spots near the apex. Posterior wing 

 with a submarginal band of five, round, lilac-white spots. 



Underside rufous-brown, undulated throughout with gfey, with a 

 band of large white spots parallel to the outer margin ; anterior 

 wing with three or four ; posterior wing with five. Posterior wing 

 with an oval white spot near the middle of the costal margin. 



Exp. 'd\ inches. 



Hab. Celebes. 



In the collections of A.R. Wallace and W. C. Hewitson. 



Di/ctis agondas of Boisduval and Morpho bioculatus (Di/ctis bi- 

 oculatus of Westwood in the ' Genera of Diurnal Lepidoptera,' 

 pi. 54*, which is its female) belong to this genus, and do not differ 

 in the least, in their generic character, from the other species of Me- 

 lanitis. Deceived by its great variability and the wretched figure of 

 D. agondas in the ' Voyage of the Astrolabe,' I have figured, in a 

 former Part of the Proceedings of the Zoological Society (Annulosa, 

 PI. LV.) a beautiful series of Butterflies from the collection of Mr. 

 Wallace, under the name of Melanitis melane, which I now believe to 

 be varieties of the said Di/ctis agondas and D. bioculatus. 



4. Observations on the Anatomy of the Echinoderms. By 

 Thomas Howard Stewart, M.R.C.S., F.Z.S., Assistant 

 Conservator, Hunterian Museum. 



(Plates X., X. A, XI.) 



There are certain points connected with the anatomy of the 

 Echinoderms which I am anxious to lay before the Society ; and the 

 more especially do I desire to do so, as I am not able to find any 

 true and accurate description existing of the very wonderful appara- 

 tus for the prehension and division of food, which some of the higher 

 groups of this class possess. I mean higher groups with regard to the 

 class itself. The animals forming this class, from their organization, 

 are placed low in the scale of creation, being just above the Polypifera 

 and below the Annelida ; yet we shall find, in the order Echinoidea 

 of this class, animals possessing what may be called a splanchnic 

 or oral skeleton, of so complicated and yet so efficient an arrange- 

 ment, as cannot fail to make us wonder at the object of its sudden 

 appearance in the anatomy of animals ; nor can we help admiring 

 the beauty, and wondering at the perfection of the work. Those 

 who have not searched into the anatomy of these lower forms of life 

 might be surprised to be told that a creature just above the common 

 Sea-anemone, with an almost invisible nervous system, and other- 



