203 



Dr. S. Hansen in West Greenland, the styles were considerably 

 longer tlian the stamens, and as the anthers ^vere also smaller 

 than usual, but yet were open, and as the pollen-grains appeared 

 to be abnormal and imperfect these should probably be 

 regarded as pistillate flowers or as transitional in that direction 

 (Fig. 22, E-J). 



Saxifraga oppositifolia L. 



Lange, Conspectus, pp. 66, 257. Rosenvinge, 1892, p. 680. 

 Th.Holm, p. 40. Warming, 1886 a, p. 29, fig. 28; 1886 b, pp. 113, 

 118. LiNDMAN, p. 56, pi. II, fig. 21. Bonnier, p. 513. N. Hartz, 

 1894, p. 4; 1895, pp.242, 287. H. Jonsson, p. 283, fig. 1. Rosen- 

 viNGE, 1896, p. 107. Ekstam, 1897 a, p. 127 (Nova Zembla) ; 

 1897 b, p. 12 (Spitzbergen). Vanhoffen, p. 38. Abromeit, p. 38. 

 G.Andersson och Hesselman, p. 23, figs. 8 — 12. Düsen, p. 35. A. 

 Cleve, p. 48. Lindmark, p. 19, pl. I, figs. 8 — 15. Sylvén, p. 229. 

 Simmons, p. 60. 



H. Müller, p. 98, fig. 31. Knuth, p. 444. C. Schröter, p. 540. 



Material from West Greenland (Kornerup, Holm, Warming, 

 Ryder, Hartz) , East Greenland (Hartz, V. Eberlin, Deichmann, 

 Knutzon), Iceland (Hj. Jensen, Helgi Jonsson, Stefansson), the 

 Færoes (W^arming, Borgesen, Helgi Jonsson), Nova Zembla (Th. 

 Holm), Norway (Warming). 



This Saxifraga is the one with the most extreme Arctic 

 distribution, and it flowers earliest in spring ; scarcely has the 

 snow melted — indeed, it may not yet have done so — when 

 the flowers, which have passed the winter in a well-developed 

 condition (Fig. 26 D), expand. Even in March, open flowers may 

 be found in West Greenland (March 26 ; J. Vahl). 



This species is a perennial herb, which "has a tendency to 

 become a sub-shrub as the branches become woody; it varies 

 somewhat in form, hence Andersson and Hesselman even established 

 a forma reptans and a forma pidvinata. These are probably 

 only modifications occasioned by circumstances pertaining to 

 locality (cf. also Simmons). 



