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tains valuable observations, bulbils may also arise terminally 

 upon lateral sboots which bear foliage-leaves. The same is 

 stated with regard to the runners, and I am able to confirm 

 the statement (Fig. 28 G). 



Foliage-leaves. The typical form and venation of the 

 foliage-leaves are shown in Fig. 29 A, B. Entire (D) and nar- 



Fig. 27. Saxifraga rivnlaris. 

 A, A ruinier from an older shoot which is in the act of expanding, bearing at first scale- 

 leaves, and in the part turned upwards, foliage-leaves; at the point of transition between 

 the horizontal and erect parts, roots are formed. B, Apex of a flowering shoot (from 

 Spitzbergen; July 6, 1882; Nathorst). C, D (from West Greenland; Aug. 16, 1884), A bud 

 with fleshy scale-leaves and a runner which at first bears similar leaves are both situated 

 at the base of an erect shoot with elongated internodes which bears two foliage-leaves 

 (the stalk of the lower, and the whole of the upper leaf is shown), a bract, and a flower. 

 £, The apex of a runner; the covering of hairs, everywhere else omitted, is indicated 



here. (E. W.. 1886.) 



rowly-lobed {C) leaves occur. The venation is characteristic, 

 the veins being curving and united at the apex. The leaf-base 

 consists of a broad sheath which in form sometimes resembles 

 the stipules of many Eosacece (Fig. 28 D\. 



The germination of the seed, and the seedlings 

 are mentioned and figured by Lindmark. Ostenfeld also gathered 

 seedlings in Iceland (Fig. 28 E, F). The primordial leaves form 



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