188 



and slronfr; adventitious roots may occur, hut lliey are weak 

 and tew in niimlier. 



\ e.ije tative propagation does not appear to take place 

 at all, as is stated also by Lindmakk and Ekstam. 



The most vigorous shoots occur in the axils ol" the upper- 

 most foliage-leaves and develop hasipetally. But shoots may 

 also develop lower down, even among the decaying leaves of 

 old stems. The shoots may live several years in a vegetative 

 condition before they flower; all the leaves on the fruit-bearing 

 shoot die simultaneously with the setting of the fruit, but the 

 lower parts of the stem remain alive. 



E.^ F 



Fig. 13. Saxifraga groenlanclica. 



A, A flowering ?hoot, between the old leaves of which the new leaves are peeping out. 



B, D, E, F, Different forms of leaves, in some the venation has been drawn. 



C, An axillary shoot; 1, 2, 3, its first leaves. (E. W.) 



The leaves are all foliage-leaves (Figs. 12, 13, 14); they 

 persist for several years in a decayed condition, and may be 

 found upon the stems right down to tlie root without the 

 occurrence of intermediate leafless portions. The upper leaves 

 on the shoots remain quite green tiiroughout the winter (Fig. 12); 

 see H. Jonsson, Fig. 2; Lindmark. 



In the beginning of spring, fresh leaves and flowers are 

 seen appearing among the older ones at the apex of the shoots 

 (Fig. \'6 A). The flowers are formed during the year previous 

 to that in wliich they open, and they pass the winter with 

 well-developed anthers and pistils (Fig. 15 -Ë"); but according to 

 Jonsson the integuments of the ovules are not yet developed. 



