176 



Tri me ro 11 s |)istils otleii occur, especially in llie lerminal 

 flowers (^il,^ I //; V\ii.2 A, B). The latter are otten developed 

 much earlier than are the other flowers. 



Pistillate flowers. A peculiar form has been tralhered by 

 Nathorst in Spitzberjjen ; its flowers are very small and have 

 erect sepals, and sniMJl erect petals, which are about the length 

 of the sepals (Fig. 2l. The stamens are very small, smaller 

 than the petals, and appear to be sterile (Fig- 2 D). As the 

 pistils seem to be normal and have functional stigmas (Fig. 2 E), 

 the flowers must be regarded as pistillate. One had a trime- 

 rons pistil (Fig. 2 A, B). 



Insect-pollination appears to be the rule. Lindman ob- 

 served tlie following insects visit the flowers in Norway (Dovre): 

 flies, Scœva sp., Bomhus alpinus, B. nivalis^ Vespa saxonica, 

 Teuthredo olivacea, and Anaspis. Ekstam in Sweden (Jemtland) 

 noted liie visits of flies and ants ; and in Nova Zembia, of 

 several small flies. 



The fruit ripens in West Greenland, South Greenland, 

 East Greenland (Franz Joseph's Fjord), and in Norway (Dovre), 

 but it is not kuown whether it ripens in Spitzbergen and in 

 Nova Zembia. 



Saxifraga Aizoou L. 



Warming, 1886, p. 27. Abromeit, p. 37. Lindmauk, p. 53, 

 pi. II, fig. 22; pi. Ill, figs. 5-7. 



Material in alcohol from West Greenland. 



The well-known rosette-shoots with short internodes in 

 Greenland seem usually somewhat spherical, like a bulb (Fig. 3i. 

 The foliage-leaves remain fresh, either green or reddish, during 

 winter. After dying, they persist for a long time upon the stem 

 in a black and decaying condition (Fig. 3). Their marginal glands, 

 which secrete carbonate of lime, are well-known (Fig. 4). The 

 shoots obtain nourishment from adventitious roots and may live 

 several years before they flower. After flowering, all the leaves 



