341 



are still in the bud-condition (Lindman). Towards the end of the 

 flowering period the flower is homogamous, or it may be entirely 

 pistillate (Lixdman). In Central Europe R. glacialis is homogamous 

 or slightly protandrous (H. Müller, Ricca). In the Alps Müller 

 observed two flies and two small beetles visiting R. glacialis. 



According to Kerner (I.e. pp. 162 and 276) there are three 

 kinds of flowers in R. glacialis^ some hermaphrodite and some 

 pollen-bearing flowers with function-less carpels ("scheinzwii- 

 trige Pollenblüten') ; the hermaphrodite are of two kinds, some 

 with large carpels and a few small stamens, and others with 

 small ovaries and many longer stamens; the former have cross- 

 pollination, the latter autogamy. 



Fig. 3. B. glacialis. 



A, Nectary-leaf seen from the dorsal side; B, C, D, E, bases of nectary-leaves 

 showing nectar pits and the scale above with some of its variations of form. (A, ','2; 

 B,C,D, °/i, from Âreskutan, 25.7.1884; E, 5], from Piteà Lappmark, 17.7.1883; Drawn 



by E.W.). 



The nectary-leaves have upon the upper side of the claws 

 with their yellow bases a pocket-shaped nectary. Above the 

 latter is seated a scale (Fig. 3) which varies extremely, both 

 in regard to form and size; even the scales from the same 

 flower may differ greatly. The scale encloses with the nectary- 

 leaves an angle of 40° — 50° and touches the outwardly-turned 

 ripe or open stamens with its free edges. Only an insect 

 which can bend the stamens apart from the scales will be able 

 to reach the honey (Kerner). 



The diameter of the flower is rather variable ; Norman 

 mentions the limits of size as 2'3, and 3*1 cm. with regard to 

 specimens from Arctic Norway; Lindman gives them as lo and 

 2'5 cm. 



