373 



which were somewhat looser in structure than were those in 

 the other specimens which were investigated. It was found 

 growing upon a sandy shore and had a very vigorously deve- 

 loped root-system. 



The leaf- stalk is reniform in transverse section. There 

 are three vascular bundles and they are certainly not accom- 

 panied by stereom ; the endodermis is only slightly evident. 

 The pith has a tendency to collapse so that a larger or smaller 

 lacuna is formed. The cortex nearly resembles that of the 

 stem in structure. The epidermis contains chlorophyll; it, 

 also, resembles that of the stem. 



No differences have been found in the structure of the 

 individuals investigated from the different localities, with the 

 exception of the dwarf-plant from King Charles Land. 



Raniiuculus nivalis L. 



Lit.: BccHEXAr & Focke, 1872, p. 28. Kjellman, 1883, p. 493. 

 Holm, 1885, p. 50, tab. XI, figs. 6 — 7. Lindman, 1887, p. 42, 

 tab. I, fig. 10. Børgesen. 1895, pp. 225, 231, 236, fig. 48, re- 

 sumé: Journal de bot., IX, 1895. Hartz, II, 1895, p. 288; III, 1895, 

 p. 331. Norman, 1895, p. 14. Ekstam, 1897, p. 146. Abkomeit, 

 1899, p. 30. Ekstam, 1899, p. 23. Andersso.v & Hesselman, 1900. 

 p. 48. Resvoll, 1900, figs. 2, 8, 9, 12, 31. Gleve, 1901, pp. 

 51. 103. DcsÉN, 1901, p. 30. Freidenfelt, 1904, p. 53. Sim- 

 mons, 1906, p. 110. Sylvén, 1906, p. 274, tab., XXV, fig. 2. 



Alcohol material from Disco in Greenland, 20.7. 1884; Kaa- 

 fjord in northern Norway, 16.7.1885; Spitzbergen, 6.8.1910. 



The rhizome is either vertical or oblique and may attain 

 a length of as much as 5 cm. The primary root dies early, 

 but adventitious roots arise especially from the nodes of 

 the rhizome; a sympodium is formed when flowering begins. 

 The stem is erect and ribbed, especially the fruit-stalk, and 

 it is hairy with reddish-brown hairs which are most dense 

 upon the peduncle. Some dwarf individuals from Hudson Strait 

 which I measured were 2 cm. bigh, but the usual height is 



