434 



wliicli precede? tliat in which Ihcy p\|iaiul \^-\. li. pijijmcrus .nul 

 nicdlis). All the species whicli have been investigated are eii- 

 toniophilous except the aneniopliilons Tlutlidnini alpiiiuni; willi 

 the (!xceplion of that plant, they all have tlowers which are 

 fairly conspicnons, partly on account of their size being often 

 rather lartre and partly on account of the colour of the nectary- 

 leaves; these are yellow in the majority of the species but 

 white in R.g/aciaUs, R. Pallasii, Batradtium confervoides and 

 Coptis trifolia. The perigone-leaves are green to yellowish-green. 



The majority of the species are dichogamous although not 

 to any great extent, and in all probability self-pollination usu- 

 ally lakes place in cases in which cross-pollination does not 

 occur. Again, the greater part of the dichogamous species 

 is proterogynous with a homogamous stage at the end of the 

 flowering period, viz. Ranunculus affinis (?), R. sulphureus, R. 

 nivalis, R. lapponicus (also recorded to be homogamous), R. 

 Pallasii (also homogamous), Thalictrum alpinum (also recorded 

 to be homogamous) and Coptis trifolia which is proterogynous 

 to some extent. 



The protandrous species are R. glacialis, R. acer and R. 

 reptans; also in these species the flowers ultimately become 

 homogamous. In Denmark R. acer has, besides the herma- 

 phrodite flowers, others that are diclinous. 



R. pygmœus and R. hyperhoreus are homogamous ; the 

 latter is recorded to be also slightly protandrous. 



Some of the species are recorded to have fragrant flowers: 

 R. acer (perfume slight), R. sulphiireus, R. nivalis and especi- 

 ally R. Pallasii and lapponicus. 



All the entomophilous species have nectaries except 

 Anemone Richardsoni. In the majority of the species of Ra- 

 nunculus the nectary is covered by a simple scale; in R. acer 

 this is irregularly lobed at the free edge; in R. glacialis the 

 nectary is naked, but a lobed scale is seated above it. In 

 Batraclnum the nectar-pit is naked. 



