1882.] PROF. DUNCAN ON CORALS FROM MADEIRA. 213 



3. On some Recent Corals from Madeira. By Prof. P. 

 Martin Duncan, M.B. (Lond.), F.R.S., Pres. Royal 

 Micros. Soc, &c. (Communicated by the Secretary.) 



[Eeceived January 19, 1882.] 



(Plate VIII.) 



In the autumn of 1881, Mr. J. Y. Johnson, of Madeira, sent me 

 a small collection of Corals which he had obtained, from a few 

 fathoms depth, in the sea off Funchal and other places near the 

 island. Some of the specimens were adherent by their bases to a 

 small species of oyster, and others to the bases of Gorgonidse. As 

 the collection has species in it representing the Mediterranean, Flori- 

 dan, and North-Atlantic deep-sea coral-faunas, I thought that its 

 description would be of some importance. The new species are 

 three in number; and two of them are very interesting. One, Cerato- 

 trochus johnsoni, belongs to a genus which has a recent species on 

 the American side of the Atlantic and fossil forms in the Mediter- 

 ranean Pliocene and Miocene and in the Australian Miocene strata. 

 Another, Caryophyllia endothecata, reveals a decided interseptal 

 structure like the endotheca of the family Astrseidse. 



Description of the Bj^eeies, and Remarks, 

 MADREPORARIA. 

 Section APOBOSA. 

 Family Turbinoliid^. 

 Subfamily Caryophyllince. 

 Genus Caryophyllia, Milne-Edwards & Haime. 

 This genus and its divisions were noticed at some length in the 

 description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the expedition 

 of H.M.S. 'Porcupine,' published in the 'Transactions' of the 

 Society, vol. viii. pt. v. 1873. It is not necessary, therefore, to 

 recapitulate, and especially as there has been no increase of know- 

 ledge on the subject of any importance since that date. 



There are some fine specimens from Madeira of a species of Caryo- 

 phyllia which was not obtained during the ' Porcupine ' expedition, 

 but which is a very well-known Mediterranean form. The specimens 

 came up in deep water off Madeira, attached to a valve of Ostrea 

 cochlea, which, in its turn, rested upon a hexactinelUd sponge. 

 One specimen was mature ; a second was smaller ; and there were two 

 very small individuals. The larger specimen has the parts above the 

 base perfect ; but C/iowa-borings have destroyed the broad base of 

 attachment. 



