216 PROF. p. MARTIN DUNCAN ON [Feb. 7, 



inwards to join the twisted trabeculse of the columella. The septa 

 are marked low down by oblique rows of granules; but there is not a 

 trace of any endotheca. 



Caryophyllia clavus, Scacchi, var. tincta. 



The common British shallow-water coral is represented by a form 

 at Madeira which cannot be separated from it specifically. Indeed 

 it seems to be a simple variety, haring a small columella, fewer 

 septa, smaller pali ; and the tint of the columella is pearly white, 

 whilst that of the septa and costse is reddish brown. The British 

 variety smithi of Stokes is white, and is found below tide-mark in 

 Devonshire. 



The corallum is short, with a broad incrusting base, an ephitheca 

 reaching far towards the margin ; there are well-developed granular 

 costse above the epitheca, some projecting, and four complete cycles 

 of septa with some orders of the fifth. The calice is deep, slightly 

 elliptical in outline; and the columella is small, elongate and narrow, 

 and is formed of a few tall twisted ribbon-shaped processes. The 

 primary septa are exsert ; and the secondaries are less so. The pali 

 are small, and are before the third cycle of septa. 



The granulation of the sides of the septa is in arched rows, one 

 above the other ; and the lateral projection of the granules from the 

 free inner ends of the septa is decided. 



Length of the calice ^ inch. 



Subdivision CaryophyllijE endothecat^e. 



Amongst this collection of corals from Madeira is one which, 

 whilst it presents all the characters of the genus Caryophyllia, pos- 

 sesses a distinct endotheca between its septa, occludhig more or less 

 the interseptal loculi here and there. 



It is a most important form, especially when it is considered in 

 relation to Asterosmilia, a genus of Trochocyathacese or Caryo- 

 phyllise with a double row of pali, and possessing endothecal dis- 

 sepiments ; for the possession of an endotheca has been considered 

 to be of sufficient classificatory value to place genera with and 

 without it in different families. 



I propose including the new form amongst the species of Caryo- 

 phyllia, giving it a subgeneric position. 



Caryophyllia endothecata, sp. nov. (Plate VIII. figs. 1-4.) 



The coral is small, with a broad flat base, from which rises a more 

 or less cylindrical body slightly constricted above the base, and 

 narrowed and reentering at the calicular margin somewhat. 



The caUce is circular in outline, rather shallow near the margins, 

 but much deeper at the columella, which consists of four or five dis- 

 tinct nodules. The septa are unequal, well apart, slightly exsert 

 according to the order, and dip down, not reaching the columella. 

 They are thin, slightly wavy in some instances ; and the size of the 

 primaries and secondaries disthiguishes them. There are four 

 cycles of septa in five systems and in one half of the sixth ; but in 



