1882.] 



DR. GADOW ON THE ANATOMY OF PTEROCLES. 



323 



out at the upper and lower end of the crop. The glands are nearly 

 equally distributed over the inner lining of its walls, and are arranged 

 in very irregular longitudinal folds. 



The j)roventriculus of Pterocles is a long oval, and comparatively 

 small ; its walls are thick and full of glands, which are " ovoidal and 

 simple as in the Pigeon and Plover, not botryoidal as in the Grouse 

 and Fowls." 



The ventriculus or gizzard is of a subquadrangular shape, much 

 flattened and very muscular, showing on the right and on the left 

 side a speculum tendinosum ; the posterior wall is deeply bent in 



Fig. 3. 



n 



Eight latei-al view of iutestines of Ptcrocks arcnarius. 

 re, right caecum ; I, II, III, IV, intestinal loops. 



towards the middle line. Its inner liuing consists of a hardened and 

 much thickened excreted mass, without however forming any dis- 

 tinct triturating planes. 



The duodenum, ileum, and rectum form four distinct " closed " 

 loops, which are arranged as follows -.—The first, or duodenal loop 

 is very short and straight, as it only extends over the posterior mar- 

 gin of the gizzard ; its diameter is slightly larger than that of the 

 ileum ; the length of the duodenal loop in Pterocles is about 4*5 



