1882.] ON THE TRACHEA OF MANUCODIA ATRA ETC. 347 



2. On the Convoluted Trachea of two Species of Manucode 

 [Maiiucudia atra -dud Phoni/ffama gouldi) ; with Remarks 

 ou similar Structures in other Birds. By W. A. Forbes, 

 B.A.J Prosector to the Society. 



[Received March 21, 1882.] 



The subcutaneous convolutiou on the pectoral muscles of the 

 trachea in the Mauucodes of the genera (or subgenera) Manucodia 

 and Phomjyama, originally described and figured by Lesson in 

 Phonygama keraudreni so long ago as 1826 ', has lately excited con- 

 siderable attention, Prof. Pavesi" having shown that a similar struc- 

 ture, though less developed, exists in Manucodia chidybeata, and Dr. 

 Meyer ^ having demonstrated the same for its representative form 

 M.jobiensis. From their figures and observations it is clear :— 



1. That the trachea of Phonygama " keraudreni " ■* may be convo- 

 luted in both sexes, that of the males being most complicated, 

 consisting, when best developed, of a complete spiral of several 

 coils, whilst in younger males, and females, it is reduced to a simple 

 loop with a bend to the right. 



Intermediate forms of all kinds are to be found, as shown by 

 Pavesi's interesting series of figures. 



2. That iu Manucodia chalybeata and M. jobiensis the adult 

 males possess a trachea provided with a simple loop, extending 

 ahout two thirds down the surface of the pectoral muscles. This is 

 apparently absent in the females and young males. 



The specimen, a male, of Manucodia atra, purchased by the 

 Society on March 19, 1881 ^ having diedonM^rch 11th inst., I have 

 now been enabled to examine the condition of the trachea in this 

 species also. As will be seen from the drawing I exhibit (figure, 

 p. 348), representing it in situ, it too is convoluted, but to a much 

 smaller extent, only forming a short loop lying on the interclavicular 

 air-cell, between the rami of the furcula, much as in many specimens 

 of the genus Crax. This quite confirms D'Albertis's description given 

 by Count Salvador! ". Iu the female the trachea will probably be 

 found to be quite simple. 



Of Phonygama gouldi, the Australian representative of P. kerau- 

 dreni, I have been enabled to examine three detached tracheae, as 

 well as three entire birds collected at Cape York by H.M.S. 



' Voyage de la ' Coquille,' Atlas, pi. xiii. fig. 2. 



^ Ann. Mus. Geneva, vi. pp. 313-324, pi. x., and ix. pp. 66-77. 



' Abbilduugen Vogel-Skeleteu, pi. vii. a, p 5. 



■* All but one of Pavesi's specimens (fig. 6 of his second paper) are, it is to be 

 observed, really P. gouldi, having been obtained at Cape York by D'Albertis. 



^ On its arrival it was supposed to belong to the species M. viridis (seu 

 chalybeata), and was noticed as such (P. Z. S. 1881, p. 450). 



' " Non pare che questa specie possegga vere circonvoluzioni externe della 

 trachea, ma, secondo le osservazioni del D'Albertis, i maschi adidti avrebbero 

 soltanto 2m' ansa inegata ad S nella fossetta delta forchetta." — Ornitologia della 

 Papitaaia c dcllc Mo/iackc, ii. p. 509. 



