1882.] HISTORY OF FRANZ-JOSEF LAND. 655 



November 1881 2 Bears. 



December „ 



January 1882 { ^ ^'^Yrus. 



February „ 1 Bear. 



March „ 8 Bears. 



Ann] / "^ ^^^'■®- 



^P"^ » 1 50 Looms. 



Mav / ^ ^^^''^• 



^^*y " 1 370 Looms. 



f 1 Bear. 

 June „ < 5 Walrus. 



[ 250 Looms. 

 July „ (During boat-journey.) 2 Bears. 



On nearing Cape Crowther in July 1881, Walruses were seen 

 on loose pieces of ice in great numbers ; sometimes twenty or more 

 were counted lying huddled up on one small piece. By going 

 quietly in a boat you could get within 20 or 30 yards of them before 

 they took much notice of you ; but after the first shot was fired they 

 tumbled into the water, and would go swimming about and barking 

 round the boat, but never attacked us. 



InSeptemberwe saw great numbers ofWalruses on the loose ice near 

 the land ; near Bell Island they were in great quantities ; and off Cape 

 Flora they were in great schools in the water. On October 28th 

 five Walruses were shot on the edge of the ground-ice in front of our 

 hut ; there were also great numbers in the water at that time of 

 the year. Up to the end of February Walruses were constantly seen 

 swimming about in the water ; and on January 24th three were 

 shot at the edge of the ground-ice near the hut. In March the 

 land-floe formed, and no open water existed within 7 or 8 miles of 

 the land ; but on going up the hill, Walruses could be seen by means 

 of a glass swimming in the water. 



On June 13th a strong N.W. gale broke up the land-floe; and on 

 June 15th five Walruses were shot on the loose ice in the Sound. 



The Walruses never left the country ; and we never saw any signs 

 of their taking the land. No remains of bones were seen anywhere 

 on the land. 



White Whales and Narwhals were seen in great numbers in Septem- 

 ber and October travelHng S.E. ; and in June some large schools were 

 seen travelling westward and north-west. 



Foxes (Cams lagopus) were constantly troubling us during the 

 winter ; they would come close up to the house, and soon got so tame 

 that it was difficult to frighten them away from our blubber. We 

 shot one White Fox (female) and a Grey Fox (male) during the 

 winter. One or two Grey Foxes were seen during the winter with 

 patches of white on them. No Black Fox was seen. In the autumn 

 the Foxes were very quick in catching the Looms, especially the young 

 ones, when they were first brought down to the water. Two or 



Proc. Zool. Soc— 1882, No. XLIV. 44 



