680 DR. GWYN JEFFREYS ON THE MOLLUSCA OF THE [Nov. 14, 



y 8. Emarginula multistriata, Jeffreys. (Plate L. fig. 12.) 

 E. multistriata, Jeffr. in Ann. & Mag. N. H. July 1882, p. 30. 

 'Porcupine ' Exp. 1870 : Atl. St. 24-28. 

 Bistnbution. Mediterranean (Italian Expedition, 1881); 217fms. 



Family IV. Calyptr^id^. 

 l^ Calyptrjsa chinensis, Linne. 



Patella chinensis, L. S. N. p. 1257- 



C. chinensis, B. C. iii. p. 273, pi. vi. f. ti ; v. p. 201, pi. Ix. 

 f. 1, la. 



' Porcupine ' Exp. 1870 : Atl. St. Vigo B., 16, Setubal B., off C. 

 Sagres, Tangier B., Gibraltar B. ; Med. Algesiras B., Cartagena B., 

 Benzert Road, Rasel Amoush, Adventure Bank. 



Distribution. Dublin Bay, Milford Haven, southern coasts of 

 England and Channel Isles, Brittany, S.W. France, throughout the 

 Mediterranean and Adriatic, Black Sea (Clessin), Red Sea (Issel), 

 off Morocco (' Travailleur ' Exp. 1881), Madeira and Canaries; 

 0-130 fms., usually inhabiting shallow water. The Scotch localities, 

 given on the authority of Laskey and Leach, are certainly unrehable. 



Fossil. Miocene?: Modensi (For esti). Pliocene: Coralline, Red, 

 and Norwich ('rags, Belgium, S. France, Italy, N.W. Germany, 

 Switzerland, Vienna Basin, Transylvania, Hungary, Rhodes, and 

 Cos. Post-tertiary: Leghorn (Gastelli, f. Apiielius). 



There are about a dozen more or less recognized synonyms, 

 including C. sinensis. The monstrous variety which is moulded on 

 Turritella terebra is very curious. 



/ Crepidula tinguiformis, Lamarck. 



C. unguiformis. Lam. An. s. Vert. vi. (2) p. 25 ; Sowerby, Gen., 

 Crepidula, f. 6. " 



'Porcupine ' Exp. 1870 : Med. St. Adventure Bank. 



Distribution. G. Gascony (De Folin) !, Morocco, Mediterranean 

 and Adriatic, G. St. Lawrence and eastern coasts of N. America ; 

 0-40 fms. 



Fossil. Miocene: Vienna Basin, Switzerland, S.W. France. PHo- 

 cene : Belgium, S. France, Italy, Algeria. Post-tertiary : Pozzuoli 

 {Philippi) . 



This species also rejoices in, or rather laments, about a dozen 

 synonyms. It is the Patella crepidula of Linne, C. fornieuta of 

 some authors (but, perhaps, not P.fornicata of Linne), and C. plana 

 of Say. When the so-called C. fornicata is found adhering to the 

 outside and C. plana to the inside of the same specimen of another 

 American shell, they may easily be mistaken for distinct species. 

 C. moulinsi of INlichaud is a well marked variety, its principal cha- 

 racter being dejjendent on coloration. The young have a short 

 spire like that of Calyptrcea chinensis. Crepidula spirata of Nardo 

 is also the present species, and derives its peculiar shape and pro- 

 minent spire from being affixed to Turritella terebra,\\ke Calyptrcea 

 chinensis. 



