1883.] ANATOMY OF PHfENICOPTERUS. 641 



intestines, below which they again converge to meet in the middle 

 ventral line. 



In the Anatidae the praebronchial cells are never divided in the 

 way above described, and the abdominal cells are much smaller, not 

 extending so far back, and not meeting below the intestines ^ — these 

 two points, together with the condition of the horizontal septum, 

 being:, I believe, absolutely characteristic of the Storks. 



The characters of the Alimentary System have been already 

 described by Gadow^, who has insisted on the resemblances between 

 the Flamingo and the Stork ; I have therefore nothing to add to 

 his description. 



The muscular system has, however, not been described in detail, 

 either for Storks or for Phoenicopterus. I propose therefore to 

 describe first the limb-muscles of Leptoptilus argala, which is fairly 

 typical, and afterwards to point out the chief differences in the 

 Flamingo. 



A. Muscles of Fore Limb. 



1. The latissimus dorsi is divided, as usual, into two, The pos- 

 terior division arises from the last two free dorsal vertebrae, and by 

 a slip from the corner of the scapula; it forms a fleshy belly, 

 tapering gradually to a point, and ending in two tendons, one of 

 which goes to the humerus, the other to the belly of the anconeus 

 loiigus. This muscle is connected by an aponeurosis with the ante- 

 rior division which goes straight from the 3rd, 4th, and 5th dorsal 

 vertebrae to the humerus. 



2. The trapezius (Plate LX. fig. 7, TV.) is very small, arising from 

 the spines of the last two cervical vertebi'ae only, and going to the 

 dorsal half of the clavicle. The posterior margin of this muscle 

 sends off a small slip to the latissimus dorsi. 



3. The rhomboideus superior arises from the spine of the fourth 

 dorsal vertebra, beneath the latissimus dorsi, and is inserted into the 

 vertebral border of the scapula. Beneath this muscle, and connected 

 with it at its origin, is a flat, thin tendon, | inch broad, going to the 

 posterior angle of the scapula. 



4. The rhomboideus inferior arises from the spines of the last 

 cervical and first four dorsal vertebras, and is attached to nearly the 

 whole vertebral border of the scapula. 



5. The serrutus magnus arises by two fleshy digitations from 

 aponeurosis between ribs 2, 3, and 4, just ventral to tiie uncinate 

 process. It is inserted by a thin flat tendon to half an inch of the 

 vertebral border of the scapula. 



6. The levator scapula arises from the last cervical and first two 

 dorsal ribs, and is inserted into the posterior two thirds of the deep 

 surface of the scapula. 



7. Tensor patagii brevis (Plate LX. fig. 6, t.p.b.) arises by a fleshy 

 origin from the dorsal part of the clavicle, and gives off a belly three 



' Hiixley (foe. cit.) has described the arrangemeiit in the Duck ; and I have 

 found a similar state of things to obtain in many Anatidae. 

 2 Verdauungssystem d. Vogel : ' Jenaische Zeitschrift.' 



