cheek-pouches, and large callosities show that they are 
far inferior in structure to the apes represented on 
Plate I. But they are not inferior to them in intelli- 
gence, and their activity and cleverness in many respects 
: 3) NN \\ 

They inhabit Africa, where they 
are truly surprising. 
live in large troops under the leadership of an old male. 
They wander through the woods and fields, and commit 
great depredations in the plantations of the natives. 
One of the species most frequently seen in 
Europe-is the Green Monkey (Cercopithecus sabeus) 
figured on Plate Il. fig. b. It has often been known 
to breed in captivity, when well taken care of. It 
is a native of Western Africa. : 
The species of the genus Macacus and _ its 
allies form a small group inhabiting Southern Asia 
and Africa. The snout is much more prominent than 
in Cercopithecus, and the tail is long in some species, 
and short, or even almost wanting in others. The 
Section II. 
This section includes the Monkeys of the New 
World. Their nostrils are wide apart, and they have 
four molar teeth more than man. They differ much 
from the apes of the Old World. They are usually 
of small size, and of slender proportions, and their 
long prehensile tail is used to assist them in climbing. 
None of them possess a projecting snout, cheek- 
pouches, or callosities. They inhabit the great forests 
of South America, and are only to be found where 
water is plentiful. 
Family Cebide. 
(Plates IT. HL.) 
The Black and Red Howling Monkeys (A/ycetes 
niger, Plate Il. fig. e.; and MZ. seniculus, Plate Ill. 
fig. a.) are very similar in size, shape and_ habits. 
They measure about a foot and a half in length, 
without reckoning the tail. Their body is compact, 
their head large, and the face ornamented with 
a large beard, especially in the males. But they are 



only Quadrumanous animal which now inhabits Eu- 
rope in a wild state, is the Barbary Ape (/uuus 
ecaudatus) figured on Plate II. fig. f. A colony of 
this animal (whether originally introduced, or actually 
wild is not certainly known) inhabits the almost in- 
accessible cliffs of the Rock of Gibraltar, where they 
are strictly preserved by the authorities. They 
are much more abundant in the rocky districts of 
North Africa, where they climb about searching for 
worms and insects; but they will also feed on fruits. 
The Baboons are the largest Quadrumana_ ex- 
cept the Anthropoid Apes. They have a compactly- 
formed body, their limbs are short, strong, and ex- 
tremely muscular, and their callosities are hideous. 
Their long snout has some resemblance to that of a 
dog; and hence they are called Cynocephali, or 
‘“Dog-headed” Baboons. But they have no resem- 
blance to dogs in their character, for though they 
are very intelligent, they display all the worst ten- 
dencies of mankind in a distorted and exaggerated 
form. They live in large companies in the moun- 
tains of Northern and Southern Africa, where they 
feed on the roots, fruits, worms and insects, which 
they find among the rocks. 
The Baboon (Cynocephalus Labuin) figured on 
Plate IL. fig. c. is a short-haired animal with a long 
tail. It is found in company with other species in 
great abundance in Abyssinia, Kordofan, and other 
countries of Central Africa. They live among the 
rocks, and seldom climb trees. Full-grown males 
attain the size of a large dog, and display great 
strength and courage in their encounters with other 
animals. The Baboon is an intelligent creature, and 
can easily be taught a variety of tricks. 
The Mandrill (Papio Mazmon) figured on Plate II. 
fig. d., and its near ally the Drill (P. /eucophe@us) are 
remarkable for their short stumpy tails. They live 
in troops on the Gold Coast, and inhabit forests in 
mountainous regions, where they seek for food among 
the trees and rocks. The face and rump are adorned 
with red and blue, but this only adds to the hideous 
appearance of these animals. They are fairly tract- 
able when young, but as they grow older, they be- 
come vicious and ferocious, and their great strength 
renders them dangerous even to their keepers, and 
much more so to strangers. But it is never prudent 
to go very near the cages and dens in menageries 
and Zoological Gardens. 
Platyrrhini. 
more especially remarkable for a drum-like enlarge- 
ment of the bone of the tongue, and for the expansion 
of the larynx into six cavities, which receive the air 
when they cry out; and this produces a continuous 
howl which can be heard for more than a mile away. 
The Howling Monkeys feed on the leaves of trees, 
and rarely descend to the ground. If they wish to 
pass from one tree to another, they often suspend 
themselves by the tail, and swing themselves back- 
wards and forwards till they can grasp another branch. 
They do not make long leaps. 
The Capuchin Monkeys form another group. 
Among these are Cebus Apella, Plate IL fig. a. and 
C. capucinus, Plate Ill. fig. b., which are so often 
brought to Europe, to be exhibited in Menageries, 
or carried about by Italian organ-grinders, that they 
must be well known to everybody. They are natur- 
ally gentle, and attached to their keepers, and are 
by no means deficient in intelligence. ; 
The Squirrel-Monkeys are lively little animals, 
J eue x 
