Thrips cerealium is very destructive to corn. | 
These little black insects may be seen 
resting on the ears of wheat, barley, and 
rye, in May and June, sometimes 30 or 
40 together. They suck the ears 
and stalks,’ Sand. cause ithemv, to 
wither. The insects,» which are at 
first apterons, hibernate and lay their 
eggs in spring. 
Family XIV. Phylophloide. This is 
one of the families of Mallophaga, or Bird 
Lice, which differ from the other lice in being man- | 



Nest of Zermes bellicorus. 
dibulate insects. 
cornis, a yellow species, spotted with brown 
on the sides, which infests the peacock. 
We have figured Gonzodes falci- | 

Family XV. Lepismatide. The Spring- 
tails are typical of the Thysanura. They 
have a soft body, clothed with a fine dust, and the 
abdomen is provided with an apparatus for leaping. 
Lepisma saccharina, the Silver Fish, is a | 
slender active insect, covered with silvery white 

Order VI. 
38 
scales, which is found in 
crevices. 
Family XVI. Podu- 
rida. The Collembola to 
which this family be- 
longs, have a shorter ab- Silver-Fish. 
domen than the 7iysanura, and their legs, antennae 
and leaping apparatus are 
also generally shorter. They 
live in damp places under 
fallen leaves, in rotten wood, 
in water, or even on ice or snow. 
store houses, larders and 


One of the most 



Winged male Workers. 
remarkable is Jsotoma saltans, the Glacier Flea, a 
little black hairy 
insect , which 
abounds on the 
glaciers of the 
Alps. 
Fodura villosa 
isareddish-brown [ 
species with black NGF 
bands, which is found under fallen leaves. 

Orthoptera. 
Plate XXIV (right side). ° 
The Orthoptera have imperfect metamorphoses, 
and the pupa is active. The fore wings (or teg- 
mina) are much harder and narrower than the hind 
wings, and the hind legs are generally fitted for 
leaping. They are mandibulate insects, and are mostly 
vegetable feeders. 
Family I. Forficulida. In the Earwigs the 
body is long and provided with a forceps behind. 
The antenne are filiform, and the wings are large, 
and folded inwards under the short wing-cases. 
They are very destructive to flowers and fruit. 
Fig. a. forficula auricularia is brown, and 
the forceps of the male is dentated. The insect 

hides in crevices during the day, and is only active 
at night. 
Family Il. Blattida. The Cockroaches have 
a flattened body, a broad head, often concealed 
under the thorax, and long legs. The tegmina over- 
lap, and the wings are longitudinally folded. They 
run about actively in all their stages. The eggs are 
laid by the female in a single mass, which she car- 
ries about with her half-laid for some hours. 
Fig. b. Blatta orientalis, the Common Cock- 
roach is a very troublesome insect, which is abundant 
in kitchens and bake-houses, especially near the hearth, 
for it loves warmth. In the night, the Cockroaches 
