1884.] DISEASES OF CARNIVOROUS MAMMALS. 185 



orarv. Hanging from the fold of peritoneum between the ovary and 

 Fallopian tube (meso-salpinx) is a cyst of the size of a cherry 

 attached by a narrow peduncle, whilst scattered among the fringes 

 of the open end of the Fallopian tube, are numerous pedunculated 

 cysts the size of millet-seeds. These are shown in the annexed draw- 

 ing (figs. 3,4, p. 184). The solid cysts, when examined microscopically, 

 proved to be hypertrophied corpora lutea. This case is of extreme 

 interest on account of the relation it bears to similar growths in 

 human subjects. Among the numerous growths originating in 

 the immediate neighbourhood of the ovary in the human female, 

 many of which attain gigantic proportions, two very distinct forms 

 may be readily separated : — 



1 . Cysts peculiar to the ovary and originating in Graafian follicles. 



2. Cysts of the broad ligaments, which, if they attain to any size, 

 may secondarily involve the ovary in the course of their growth. 



Careful observation has led to the view that cysts starting in the 

 broad ligaments arise in connexion with the " organ of Rosen- 

 miiller." This structure and its connecting ducts, lying in the 

 meso-salpinx, is in itself of very great interest, inasmuch as it 

 represents, with the duct of Gaertner, all that remains in the adult 

 female of the Wolffian duct and segmental tubes so largely developed 

 in early embryonic life. In the adult female these must be regarded 

 as functionless organs. 



Pathologists have long been aware that functionless structures 

 and remnants of organs are exceedingly liable to take on diseased 

 action ; hence it is now the accepted view that the cysts so often 

 found in the broad ligament are to be regarded as abnormal dila- 

 tations of these pre-existing ducts, remnants of the segmental tubes 

 and ducts of the Wolffian body ; therefore it is extremely interesting 

 to find in the ovary of this Tiger the disease in its incipient con- 

 dition. The interest, however, does not end here, for although 

 I have searched far and wide, this is the first case of its kind which 

 has come to hand. At the outset I mentioned that this particular 

 animal was born in confinement, and must to a certain extent be re- 

 garded as a domestic animal. Dogs are occasionally the subject of 

 well-developed ovarian disease ; so it is very singular that a disease so 

 prevalent in the human female, met with in the common bitch, and 

 seemingly exceedingly rare in wild animals, should turn up in a Tiger 

 which was born in confinement and passed a long life in the captive 

 state. 



A curious case of difficult parturition was seen in a Jackal. One 

 morning I found the creature on the Prosector's table with a dis- 

 tended belly ; on cutting into this, two young ones were foiuid loose 

 in the peritoneal cavity, whilst a third was jammed, head downwards, 

 into the pelvis, and there tightly fixed. Examination proved that 

 labour had commenced, but from some cause or other the vagina 

 and neck of the uterus had split on the posterior aspect, and the 

 young had been expelled from the uterus into the peritoneal cavity. 

 The cause of the difficulty may have been the smallness of the pelvic 

 outlet, but 1 think the fcetuses must have been of unusual size. The 

 Proc. Zool. Soc— 1884, No. XIII. 13 



