4g8 CARL SKOTTSBERG 



C. The shallow crater depression, a circular saucer-shaped hollow, about 

 75 m across and 5 to 6 m deep. Moist, sandy soil. Kyllinga brevifolia-h.%%. 



P2 Kyllinga hrevifolia, 5 Erigeron linifolius, i 



Axonopjis paschalis, 3 Fi Agrostis retrofracta, i 



DicJielacJine scinrea, I Oxalis corniculata, i. 



Er agrostis elongata, i 



On outcrops of rock along the crater rim: Buellia stelhilata f. protothal- 

 lina (light grey, black fruit), and Usnea Steiiieri var. tincta (yellowish). 



Crater of Rano Kao, inside, higher slopes, c. zy^ m. June 2 j, ipiy. Spo- 

 robolus elo7igattis-A.ss. 



F3 Sporobolus elongatits, 4 Digitaria horizontalis, i 



F2 AxoJiopus paschalis, 2 Microlepia strigosa, i 



Kyllinga brevifolia, 2 Fi Cynodon dactylon, 2 

 Bromus unioloides, i Oxalis corniculata, i 



G Mosses: Philonotis laxissinia (small carpets), Weisia flanipes. 



LOCAL EDAPHIC COMMUNITIES IN CREVICES CONTAINING WATER 



Fissure on the slope of Vaintu Rova, c. joo in. June 16, ipiy. Kyllinga 

 brevifolia- Ass. 



F2 Microlepia strigosa, 2 Fi Kyllinga brevifolia, 4 



Polypodimn phyniatodes, 2 Asplenium obtusatum, i 



Cyperus vegetus, i Nasturtium sarnientosum, i 



Doodia paschalis, i (rare) 



G Mosses and lichens: Fissidens pascuanus (mats), Papillaria pascuana. 



Anaptychia speciosa f. soredifera, Pannelia reticulata 

 (whitish). — Hepaticae immixed, not determined. 



Deep, dark crevice on Tea-tea, c. 2po ni. In the bottom a spring. On 

 the vertical walls Polypodiuni phyniatodes-Ass. 



F2 Polypodiuni phymatodes, 3 Doodia paschalis, i 



Microlepia strigosa, 2 Sonchus oleraceus, i. 



LOCAL COMMUNITIES ON THE TALUS SLOPES IN THE CRATERS 



Rano Kao, Jiine 22 — 23, igij. 



On the inner slopes, three kinds of habitats may be distinguished: the 

 outcrops of rocks with lichen associations, patches of finer material covered 

 with the Sporobolus-Ass. (see above) and the extensive accumulations of larger 



